Canada - Ontario Flashcards
Ontario climate? (3)
Extreme, continental climate
Daytime summer temperatures of above 30 degrees
Winter daytime temperatures of -20 degrees
What moderates the cold winters in vineyards around Ontario? (2)
Lakes
They also cause higher humidity so disease pressure is high
What protects the vines during winter?
Snow cover that forms from the evaporation of the lake
Main animal pests in Canada? (3)
Birds
Deer
Bears
Main insect pests in Canada? (3)
Moths
Mealy bugs
Leaf hoppers
What can cause vintage variation in Canada?
Harvests are very late due to the influence of the lakes so rain and Autumn frosts can cause vintage variation
Soils in Ontario? (3)
Clay and sand
Gravel and rocks
Limestone around the lakes
Too 5 grapes in Ontario vineyards? (5)
- Riesling
- Chardonnay
- Cab Franc
- Merlot
- PG
Benefit of Lake Ontario?
Takes longer to warm up in spring and longer to cool down in Autumn - creates a longer growing season and helps protect against spring frost
What does the Niagara Escarpment and the Lake Ontario do to moderate the climate? (3)
Cold air above the lake flows down the slopes of the escarpment and at the same time warm air over the lake flows inland and replaces the cold air below
The opposite happens in summer
This helps with frost and fungal disease
Grapes grown on the Niagara Escarpment? (4)
Chardonnay
PN
Cab Franc
Riesling
All with high acid (coolest part of the region)
Niagara-on-the-lake reputation?
Warmer than the Escarpment so more river fruiter styles are made and more suited to Bordeaux blends
Main grapes for the Niagara-On-The-Lake sub region?
Chardonnay
PN
Cab Franc
Riesling
Same as Escarpment
Issue with Lake Erie?
It’s the shallowest lake so it warms up quickly and cools down quickly. Winter freezes are an issue
Reputation for Lake Erie North Shore wines? (2)
Riper styles (lowest latitude)
Less structure than Niagara sub regions
