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Disease Processes > Cancer > Flashcards

Cancer Flashcards

0
Q

What are the main characteristics of cancer?

A

Cancer displays uncontrolled growth
Balance between cell division and differentiation is disrupted
Apoptosis is disrupted
Metastasis

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1
Q

What is cancer?

A

A collection of different diseases

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2
Q

What is the definition of tumour?

A

An abnormal mass of cells,benign and malignant growth

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3
Q

What is the definition of cancer?

A

A malignant growth

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4
Q

What is the definition of primary tumour?

A

A tumour at the initial site

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5
Q

What is the definition of secondary tumour?

A

A tumour that spreads to other tissues or organs.

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6
Q

What is the definition of carcinogenisis?

A

The process by which a normal cell transformed into a malignant cell and repeatedly divides to become cancer.

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7
Q

What is the definition of neoplasia?

A

Formation of an abnormal mass of proliferating cells, possessing a significant degree of autonomy.

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8
Q

What is the definition of anaplasia?

A

The Lack of differentiation in neoplastic cells; seen as a mass of pleomorphoic primitive cells.

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9
Q

What is the definition of aplasia?

A

The defective development resulting in the absence of all or a part of an organ or tissue.

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10
Q

What is the definition of metaplasia?

A

When one differentiated cell type changes into another mature differentiated cell type.

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11
Q

What is the definition of dysplasia?

A

The Abnormality of development, alteration in size and organisation of adult cells.

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12
Q

What is the definition of hypoplasia?

A

The Underdevelopment or incomplete development of an organ or tissue.

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13
Q

What is the definition of hyperplasia ?

A

The cell response to a significant stimulus, the proliferation of cells within an organ or tissue beyond normal. It may result in gross enlargement of an organ, the formation of a benign tumour.

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14
Q

What is the definition of hypertrophy?

A

It is an increase in the size of an organ due to an increase in cell size without an increase in cell number.

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15
Q

What is the definition of atrophy?

A

A decrease in the size of an organ caused by disease or disuse.

16
Q

What are the possible causes of,cancer linked to?

A

Age
Lifestyle
Genetics

17
Q

How can radon cause cancer?

A

Emits a alpha particle which causes nucleic acids to be dislodged and causing mutations

18
Q

What are oncogenes?

A

Genes associated with the stimulation of cell division

only require one mutation to cause cancer

19
Q

What are tumour suppression genes?

A

Genes associated with the inhibition of cell division

20
Q

What are 3 examples of oncogenes?

A

HER 2/neu
RAS
MYC

21
Q

What are 3 examples of tumour suppression genes?

A

p53
Rb
APC

22
Q

What are the 5 classifications of cancer?

A 
Teratoma
Carcinoma
Sarcoma
Leukaemia 
Blastoma
23
Q

What factors are looked at when choosing cancer treatment?

A

Cure rate
Aggression of tumour
How malignant it is

Disease Processes (11 decks)

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