Carbohydrates Flashcards
What are polymers?
Polymers are large, complex molecules composed of long chains of monomers joined together
What are monomers?
Monomers are small, basic molecular units
Give 3 examples of monomers
- Monosaccharides
- Amino acids
- Nucleotides
What elements do all carbohydrates contain?
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
What are 3 common monosaccharides found in glucose?
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Galactose
What is glucose and what are two types of glucose?
- Glucose is a hexose sugar
- Alpha (α) and Beta (β), they are isomers
What difference makes β-glucose differ from α-glucose?
- α-glucose molecule has H on top OH on the bottom
- β-glucose molecule instead is reversed, OH on top H on bottom
What is a condensation reaction?
When two molecules join together with the formation of a new chemical bond and a water molecule is released when the bond is formed
What bond is formed when monosaccharides are joined together?
A glycosidic bond
What is meant by hydrolysis?
A hydrolysis reaction breaks the chemical bond between monomers using a water molecule
