Carbohydrates Flashcards
(31 cards)
It is a large class of naturally occruring aldehydes and ketones. Rich in environment, and the abundance in a human body is LOW
Carbohydrates
4 functions of Carbohydrates in Humans
Oxidation
Storage in the form of glycogen
Supply carbon atoms for synthesis of other substances
part of structural framework of RNA and DNA
4 functions of Carbohydrates in Humans
Oxidation
Storage in the form of glycogen
Supply carbon atoms for synthesis of other substances
part of structural framework of RNA and DNA
It has 1 aldehyde/ketone group. Known as “simple sugar” and can no longer be borken down into small units
monosaccharides
number of carbon atoms in a monosaccharide
3-7
it is the combination of two simple sugars
disaccharide
bond that forms di-polysaccharides
glycosidic bond
glu + glu
maltose
ga + glu
lactose
glu + fru
sucrose
percentage of lactose in human milk
about 7%
it contains many monosaccharide by glycosidic bonds
polysaccharide
types of polysaccharide
storage polys. (starch in plants and glycogen animal)
structural polys. (cellulose / chitin)
it is the protein fibers embedded in a syrup matric and contains UNBRANCHED POLYSACCHARIDES
mucopolysaccharide
anticoagulant to avoid blood cloth
heparin
proteins with short carbohydrate chain
oligosaccharide
found in carbon 1
aldehyde
found in carbon 2 and up
ketone
how many chains are there in oligosaccharide
3-10
what is chirality
what is streoisomer
same in molecular and structural but diff. in atom orientation
diastereomers are ____
not mirro image
enantiomers are
mirror imagge but not superimposible
molecules that have the same molecular formula are called
isomers
