Cardiac & Chol stuff Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Cardiac & Chol stuff Deck (31)
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1
Q

Signs of AMI

A
Pallor
Sweat
Nausea
Dyspnea
Dizziness
ECG changes
2
Q

Which cardiac biomarkers are prognostic for MI?

A

cTnI

cTnT

3
Q

Which cardiac biomarker is an early but non-specific indicator of MI?

A

Myoglobin

4
Q

What myoglobin changes are indicative of MI?

A

Inc by 25%

5
Q

CKMB & index values - normal

A

CKMB w/in reference range

Index < 2.5

6
Q

CKMB & index values - cardiac damage

A

CKMB above reference range

Index > 2.5

7
Q

CKMB & index values - SKM damage

A

CKMB above reference range

Index < 2.5

8
Q

The key finding in MI is an elevation of _________ approximately _______ hrs after onset of chest pain.

A

CKMB to greater than 10 ng/mL

6-48 hrs after onset of chest pain

9
Q

What biomarker is used for diagnosing CHF?

A

B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP)

10
Q

NT-pro-BNP for ages 50-74

A

<900 pg/mL
half for under age
double for above age

11
Q

CK & Troponin I&T have their first elevation _____ hrs after MI onset

A

4-6 hrs

12
Q

Risk factors that modify LDL goals (5)

A
Cigarettes
HTN (or on HTN med)
Low HDL
Family history of heart dz
Age (men >= 45, women >= 55)
13
Q

Which cholesterol factors require fasting to be measured?

A

TG

LDL

14
Q

How many tests needed before instituting drug therapy, and how long in between?

A

1-4 weeks

15
Q

Extreme risk cholesterol factors

A

Progressive CVD + LDL <70 + DM
Renal failure
Young age w/ history of CVD

16
Q

Very high risk cholesterol factors

A

Recent MI

CVD + DM/Di

17
Q

CHD cholesterol goal

A

LDL < 100

18
Q

High risk cholesterol factors

A

2+ risk factors
DM/DI
CKD 3 or 4

19
Q

Extreme risk cholesterol goals

A

<55 mg/dL

20
Q

V. high risk cholesterol goals

A

<70

21
Q

High risk cholesterol goals

A

<130

22
Q

Cholesterol drugs CI in hepatic dz

A

Statins
Nicotinic acids
Fibrate derivative

23
Q

Which chol drug has the risk of URTI?

A

Ezetimibe

24
Q

Which chol drug is CI in renal insufficiency?

A

Fibrate derivatives

25
Q

Which drugs are best for decreasing TG’s?

A

Nicotinic acids

Fibric acid derivatives

26
Q

Which drugs may actually inc TG’s?

A

Bile Acid sequestrants

27
Q

Which drugs inc HDL the most?

A

Fibric acid derivatives

Nicotinic acids

28
Q

Flushing and hypER-g are AE of which chol med?

A

nicotinic acid derivatives

29
Q

Which chol drug may dec absorption of other drugs?

A

BA sequestrants

30
Q

When should LDL be measured directly?

A

If TG > 400

31
Q

TG’s are catabolized by _____

A
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
Measure if TG's are ridiculously high