Cardiology

Question 1

What is the first-line treatment for myocardial infarction?

Answer 1

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

Question 2

What does PCI reperfusion therapy involve? (3 items)

Answer 2

1. Thrombus retrieval (clot can travel to lungs or brain)
2. Angioplasty (Getting rid of the blockage)
3. Coronary artery stent placement (with a stent or balloon)

Question 3

When should you perform PCI?

Answer 3

Within 90 minutes

Question 4

What if the blockage of an artery is too dense or large?

Answer 4

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is performed

Question 5

Where is the graft sewn in for CABG?

Answer 5

Above and below the blockage

Question 5

What is coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)?

Answer 5

Vein is taken (typically) from the leg and used to reroute myocardial blood flow

Question 6

What to monitor post-op for CABG?

Answer 6

Advanced hemodynamic monitoring for central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary artery pressure monitoring (PA catheter

Question 7

Nsg interventions for CABG (6 items)

Answer 7

• Administer blood products
• Electrolyte repletion
• Continuous cardiac monitoring
• Frequent electrolyte monitoring
• Temperature
• Hourly I&O

Question 8

Is NSTEMI total or partial artery occlusion?

Answer 8

Partial occlusion

Question 9

Is STEMI total or partial artery occlusion?

Answer 9

Total occlusion

Question 10

What is pericardial effusion

Answer 10

The buildup of extra fluid in the space around the heart

Question 11

What is preload?

Answer 11

Volume of blood in ventricles at the end of diastole

Question 12

What is afterload?

Answer 12

Resistance ventricle must overcome to eject blood during systole