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MRCPCH Part 2 > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Most common complication of rheumatic fever

A

Mitral stenosis

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2
Q

Major criteria for rheumatic fever

A 
Pancarditis
Polyarthritis
Erythema marginatum
Sydenham's chorea
Subcutaneous nodules
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3
Q

Minor criteria for rheumatic fever

A 
Fever
Polyarthralgia
History of rheumatic fever
Raised acute phase reactants (ESR and CRP)
Prolonged PR interval
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4
Q

Cardiac associations with William’s syndrome

A

Pulmonary stenosis
Peripheral pulmonary stenosis
Supravalvular aortic stenosis

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5
Q

Correction for hypo plastic left heart

A

Norwood (staged procedure - 3 in total)

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6
Q

Correction for tetralogy of fallot

A

Blalock-Taussig shunt, then complete repair later

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7
Q

Presents with prolonged fever, malaise, anorexia + heart murmur, often with underlying congenital heart disease

A

Infective endocarditis

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8
Q

Management of patent ductus arteriosus causing heart failure

A

Fluid restriction
Optimise oxygenation
Indomethacin

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9
Q

Conditions associated with pulmonary stenosis

A

Alagille’s
Williams’s
Noonan’s

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10
Q

Conditions associated with HOCM

A

Pompe’s disease

Friedreich’s ataxia

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11
Q

Cardiac defects associated with Turner’s

A

Aortic stenosis
Coarctation
Aortic dissection

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12
Q

Cardiac defects associated with Marfan’s

A

Aortic dissection

Aortic incompetence

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13
Q

Murmur in VSD

A

Pansystolic, at lower left sternal border

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14
Q

Commonest cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease

A

Tetralogy of fallot

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15
Q

Murmur in ASD

A

Soft systolic murmur, best heart at upper left sternal edge with fixed split S2

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16
Q

ECG abnormality in secundum ASD

A

RV hypertrophy

RBBB

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17
Q

ECG abnormality in primum ASD

A

Superior axis

18
Q

ECG abnormality in VSD

A

Normal if small

Biventricular hypertrophy if big

19
Q

Which is more common, premum or secundum ASD?

A

Secundum

20
Q

Murmur in truncus arteriosus?

A

Systolic murmur with a mid diastolic rumble

21
Q

Causes of narrow complex tachycardia in neonates

A

Supraventricular re entry tachycardia
Atrial flutter
Atrial ectopic tachycardia

22
Q

2 most common causes of endocarditis

A

Staph aureus

Strep viridans

23
Q

Features of ToF

A

RV hypertrophy
VSD
RV outflow tract obstruction
Overriding aorta

24
Q

Classically presents with chest pain radiating to the left shoulder after cardiac repair

A

Pericardial effusion

25
Q

Associated with PDA

A

Congenital rubella syndrome
Down syndrome
Noonan syndrome

26
Q

Associated with secundum ASD

A

Holt-Oram syndrome

27
Q

Presents with ejection systolic murmur radiating to the neck with carotid thrill

A

Supravalvular aortic stenosis

28
Q

Associated with supravalvular aortic stenosis

A

William’s syndrome

29
Q

Syndrome associated with ToF

A

Di George

30
Q

Presents with: normal S1 with ejection click and ejection murmur best heart at the upper left sternal edge radiating to the back

A

Pulmonary stenosis

31
Q

Syndrome associated with pulmonary stenosis

A

Noonan’s

32
Q

Presents as an cyanotic infant with a soft ejection systolic murmur and weak femoral pulses

A

Coarctation of the aorta

33
Q

Syndrome associated with coarctation of the aorta

A

Turner’s

34
Q

Complications of coarctation repair

A

Ischaemia of the spinal cord
Systemic hypertension
Re-coarctation

35
Q

Cardiac lesions associated with Fetal alcohol syndrome

A

ASD
VSD
ToF
Coarctation of the aorta

36
Q

Cardiac lesions associated with maternal phenytoin

A

Aortic stenosis
Pulmonary stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta
PDA

37
Q

Cardiac lesions associated with rubella

A

PDA

Peripheral pulmonary stenosis

38
Q

Cardiac lesions associated with maternal lithium

A

Ebstein’s anomaly

39
Q

Classically presents with pan systolic murmur best heard at the apex radiating to the axilla

A

Mitral regurgitation

40
Q

Features of Alagille’s syndrome

A

Hepatic cholestasis
Butterfly vertebrae
Persistent posterior embryotoxon in the eye
Pulmonary stenosis

41
Q

Features of congenital rubella syndrome

A 
PDA
Thrombocytopenia
Cataracts
Encephalitis
Chorioretinitis
Deafness
IUGR
Jaundice + hepatosplenomegaly

MRCPCH Part 2 (24 decks)

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