Cardiovascular Flashcards Preview

Human Anatomy > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cardiovascular Deck (24)
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1
Q

Apex

A

the tip of a pyramidal or rounded structure, such as the lung or the heart

2
Q

Base

A

The part of the heart formed mainly by the left atrium and to a lesser extent by the posterior part of the right atrium, directed backward and to the right, and separated from the vertebral column by the esophagus and aorta.

3
Q

Pericardium

A

the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane

4
Q

Atria

A

an anatomical cavity or passage; especially : a chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into a ventricle or ventricles

5
Q

Ventricles

A

a hollow part or cavity in an organ, in particular.
each of the two main chambers of the heart, left and right.
each of the four connected fluid-filled cavities in the center of the brain

6
Q

Interatrial septum

A

the wall separating the left and right atria of the heart.

7
Q

Superior venae cavae

A

A large vein that receives blood from the head, neck, upper extremities, and thorax and delivers it to the right atrium of the heart

8
Q

Inferior venae cavae

A

large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower and middle body into the right atrium of the heart

9
Q

Pulmonary arteries

A

One of the two vessels which are formed as terminal branches of the pulmonary trunk and convey un-aerated blood to the lungs

10
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

the veins that transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

11
Q

Aorta

A

largest artery in the body, the aorta arises from the left ventricle of the heart, goes up (ascends) a little ways, bends over (arches), then goes down (descends) through the chest and through the abdomen

12
Q

Atrioventricular valves

A

a valve in the heart through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles.

13
Q

Bicuspid valves

A

the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart, consisting of two tapered cusps

14
Q

Tricuspid valves

A

a valve that is situated at the opening of the right atrium of the heart into the right ventricle and that resembles the mitral valve in structure but consists of three triangular membranous flaps

15
Q

Chordae tendineae

A

Thread-like bands of fibrous tissue which attach on one end to the edges of the tricuspid and mitral valves of the heart and on the other end to the papillary muscles, small muscles within the heart that serve to anchor the valves.

16
Q

Semilunar valves

A

each of a pair of valves in the heart, at the bases of the aorta and the pulmonary artery, consisting of three cusps or flaps that prevent the flow of blood back into the heart

17
Q

Coronary arteries

A

encircle the heart in the manner of a crown The vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood rich in oxygen

18
Q

Cardiac veins

A

any of the veins returning the blood from the tissues of the heart that open into the right atrium

19
Q

Coronary sinus

A

collection of veins joined together to form a large vessel that collects blood from the heart muscle (myocardium). It delivers less-oxygenated blood to the right atrium, as do the superior and inferior vena cavae

20
Q

Sinoatrial node

A

a small body of specialized muscle tissue in the wall of the right atrium of the heart that acts as a pacemaker by producing a contractile signal at regular intervals

21
Q

Purkinje fibers

A

Any of the specialized cardiac muscle fibers, part of the impulse-conducting network of the heart, that rapidly transmit impulses from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles

22
Q

Pacemaker

A

group of specialized muscle fibers in the heart that send out impulses to regulate the heartbeat

23
Q

Systole

A

time period when the heart is contracting

24
Q

Diastole

A

the passive rhythmical expansion or dilation of the cavities of the heart during which they fill with blood