cards to make

Question 1

what is uhthoff phenomenon and what condition is it seen in?

Answer 1

seen in MS; when clinical sx may worsen after being exposed to higher temperatures (moving!)

Question 2

chest physiotherapy used in what condition?

Answer 2

bronchiectasis

Question 3

pt has acute ex of COPD with evidence of influenza, add what med?

Answer 3

Oseltamavir

Question 4

roflumilast

Answer 4

PDI for chronic COPD pts, reduce future exac via reducing pulmonary remodeling

Question 5

severe, life threatening asthma exac tx?

Answer 5

IV magnesium sulfate

Question 6

tx seizures in TCA overdose?

Answer 6

benzos NOT phenytoin; GABA is blocked not sodium channels

Question 7

ductal carcinal in situ changes on mammography

Answer 7

micro-calcifications

Question 8

fat necrosis breast features

Answer 8

previous trauma, firm mass w/ irregular boarders, oil cysts on mammography. no d/c

Question 9

fibroadenoma breast

Answer 9

solitary, painless, mobile, firm mass. ~2cm in size. no d/c.

Question 10

fibrocystic changes breast

Answer 10

premenopausal pts, bilateral cyclic breast pain (mastalgia), diffuse nodularity on br exam

Question 11

inflammatory breast cancer

Answer 11

redness, swelling, peau de orange, can have discharge

Question 12

lobular carcinoma in situ

Answer 12

fixed/immoble palpable breast mass, irregular boarders, can be uni/bilateral

Question 13

paget’s disease of breast

Answer 13

form of ductal carcinoma, nipple ulcers/flaking/crusting skin, bloddy nipple d/c

Question 14

thyroid scintigraphy, hot vs cold? (for pts with nodules and subnormal TSH levels)

Answer 14

hot = hyperfunctioning, more radioiodine uptake, likely benign.  
cold = hypofunxing, less uptake, likely malignant

Question 15

intrahepatic cholestatis of pregnancy s/sx?

Answer 15

generalized itching, increased bilirubin, increased transaminases

Question 16

hypertensive crisis in pregnancy BP readings?

Answer 16

> = 160 systolic, >= 110 diastolic for 15 or more mins.

Question 17

persistent pulm HTN of newborn

Answer 17

high pulmonary vascular resistance -> R-to-L shunting & hypoxia/cyanosis/tachypnea. imaging=clear lungs and dec pulm vascularity

Question 18

transient tachypnea of newborn

Answer 18

mild pulmonary edema - resolves in ~2 days. xray = bilateral perihilar linear streaking

Question 19

erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis)

Answer 19

redness, scaling/peeling on >90% of the body

Question 20

exzema herpeticum

Answer 20

atopic dermatits (eczema) + HSV superinfxn. fever & pain.

Question 21

anti-mitochondrial antibody what condition?

Answer 21

primary billiary cholangitis/cirrhosis

Question 22

treatment for 1) autoimmune hepatitis vs 2) primary billiary cholangitis?

Answer 22

1) gluccocorticoids

2) ursodeoxycholic acid

Question 23

contraindications for giving dtap vaccine?

Answer 23

immediate anaphylaxis, unstable neurological disorders and encepholapothy within 1 week from previous administration.

can administer Dip/Tet toxoid without pertussis

Question 24

effective therapy for problematic DIC?

Answer 24

Cryoprecipitate - replenishes clotting factors, fibrinogen and vWF.

Question 25

direct acting antiviral CURE for hepatitis C

Answer 25

sofosbuvir-velpatasvir

Question 26

medication used to treat HIV and chronic HBV coinfection?

Answer 26

lamivudine - reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Question 27

tx for severe alcoholic hepatitis?

Answer 27

prednisolone

Question 28

difficulty relaxing hands after gripping handshake, thin forearms. what condition?

Answer 28

myotonic muscular dystrophy

Question 29

adjustment disorder timeframe?

Answer 29

within the past 3 months! can be w/ anxiety or w/ depression, etc due to a psychological stressor or event(s)

Question 30

lichen sclerosus symptoms?

Answer 30

thinning of skin, white patchy lesions, ITCHING, dyspareunia most commonly affects postmenop women (like on vulva) - VULVAR PUNCH BX TO RULE OUT VULVAR SQUAMOUS CELL CA RX- HIGH DOSE TOPICAL STEROIDS (CLOBETASOL)

Question 31

complication of pleural effusion?

Answer 31

EMPYEMA (fever, tachypnea, unresolved pneumonia after abx)

Question 32

voiding cystourethrogam can be used to dx what?

Answer 32

dx vesicoureteral reflex, presenting as recurrent UTIs

Question 33

lichen Planus

Answer 33

purple, flat-topped papules/plaques. puritic, planar, polygonal. MC found on flexural surfaces or genitalia

Question 34

Mittleshmerz

Answer 34

recurrent mild & unilateral MID-CYCLE pain PRIOR to ovulation; lasts hours to days

Question 35

clinical features irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 35

abdominal pain (here and there?) with: symptom improvement with BMs, change in frequency of stool, change in form of stool *scoping shows NORMAL colonic mucousa however scoping is NOTT required if there are no alarm sx

Question 36

rubella clinical presentation triad?

Answer 36

congenital: deafness, cataracts, PDA children: fever + cephalocaudal spread of maculopapular rash

Question 37

congenital toxoplasmosis

Answer 37

chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications

Question 38

congenital VARICELLA syndrome

Answer 38

limb hypoplasia, cataracts, scarring of the skin(?) and similar lesions

Question 39

congenital syphilis

Answer 39

hepatomegaly, snuffles, osteoarticular destructions, rash

Question 40

symtoms seen in b-blocker OD?

Answer 40

brady, AV block, hypotension, diffuse wheezing, hypoglycemia, seizure/delerium first step- airway, fluids, IV atropine refractory rx- glucagon

Question 41

congenital CMV

Answer 41

deafness, blindness, jaundice, HSM, petechiae

Question 42

fetal hydantoin syndrome

Answer 42

hypoplastic fingers/nails and cleft lip/palate in pregnant moms taking phenytoin

Question 43

treatment for scabies? (topical and oral)

Answer 43

topical- 5% permethrin (SCABIES) oral- Ivermectin (SCABIES)

Question 44

some features of tuberous sclerosis?

Answer 44

HYPOpigmented patches, intracranial tumors, facial angiofibromas, cardic rhabdomyomas, renal angioleiomyomas, MR, seizures