Cations & Anions Flashcards

1
Q

What are Cations?

A

positively charged ions

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2
Q

What are Anions?

A

negatively charged ions

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3
Q

What are all of the cations?

A
calcium ions (Ca2+)
magnesium (Mg2+)
sodium ions (Na+)
potassium ions (K+)
hydrogen ions (H+)
ammonium ions (NH4+)
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4
Q

What are all of the anions?

A
nitrate (No3-)
hydrogen carbonate ions (HCO3-)
chloride ions (Cl-)
phosphate ions (PO43-)
hydroxide ions (OH-)
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5
Q

What are calcium ions?

A

cause vesicles to fuse with membranes (exocytosis)

activate enzymes (ATPase in muscle contraction = cofactor)

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6
Q

What is magnesium?

A

absorbed by plants from the soil for making chlorophyll for photosynthesis

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7
Q

What are sodium ions?

A

nerve impulses

osmoregulation / water potential of blood

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8
Q

What are potassium ions?

A

nerve impulses

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9
Q

What are hydrogen ions?

A

control pH - the more H+ = more acidic

proton gradients essential for making ATP in photosynthesis and respiration

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10
Q

What are ammonium ions?

A

soluble form of nitrogen absorbed by plants to make proteins, DNA, RNA, amino acids, ATP

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11
Q

What is nitrate?

A

solublee form of nitrogen absorbed by plants from soil to make proteins, amino acids, DNA, ETC.

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12
Q

What is hydrogen carbonate ions?

A

balance the pH of the blood by absorbing H+ if blood is too acidic

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13
Q

What are chloride ions?

A

a cofactor in amylase

osmoregulation / water potential in blood

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14
Q

What are phosphate ions?

A

needed to make nucleotides, ATP, phospholipids, etc.

needed for photosynthesis and respiration

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15
Q

What are hydroxide ions?

A

control the pH

more OH- = more alkali

OH= + H+ -> H2O

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