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Gross Anatomy III > Celiac Trunk & Associated Viscera > Flashcards

Celiac Trunk & Associated Viscera Flashcards

Covers celiac trunk, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (76 cards)

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1
Q

What are the components of the digestive system in the order they occur?

A
  • Mouth
  • Pharynx
  • Esophagus
  • Stomach
  • Small intestines
  • Large intestines
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2
Q

What are the three components of the small intestines in the order they occur?

A
  • Duodenum
  • Jejunum
  • Ileum
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3
Q

What are the seven components of the large intestines in the order they occur?

A
  • Cecum
  • Ascending colon
  • Transverse colon
  • Descending colon
  • Sigmoid colon
  • Rectum
  • Anal canal
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4
Q

What is the arterial supply of the foregut?

A

Celiac trunk

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5
Q

What is the arterial supply of the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

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6
Q

What is the arterial supply of the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

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7
Q

What three arteries will the celiac trunk split into?

A
  • Left gastric artery
  • Splenic artery
  • Common hepatic artery
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8
Q

Besides splenic branches and short gastric arteries, what branches from the splenic artery?

A

Left gastro-omental artery

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9
Q

What two arteries will the common hepatic artery split into?

A
  • Proper hepatic artery
  • Gastroduodenal artery
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10
Q

What are the branches off the proper hepatic artery?

A
  • Right gastric
  • Right hepatic (cystic off this)
  • Left hepatic
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11
Q

What are the branches off the gastroduodenal artery?

A
  • Right gastro-omental
  • Superior pancreaticoduodenal
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12
Q

What level will the esophageal hiatus occur?

A

Level of T10

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13
Q

What ligament can be found at the esophageal hiatus?

A

Phrenico-esophageal ligament

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14
Q

Where is the cardial orifice of the stomach in relation to the skeleton?

A

Left of midline at level of 7th costal cartilage and T11

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15
Q

What is the Z-line of the esophagus?

A

Where the mucosa changes from esophageal to gastric

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16
Q

What are the three esophageal constrictions?

A
  • Cervical (upper esophageal sphincter)
  • Thoracic (broncho-aortic)
  • Diaphragmatic
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17
Q

Where is the cervical esophageal constriction?

A

Pharyngo-esophageal junction

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18
Q

Where is the thoracic esophageal constriction?

A

Aorta and left main bronchus

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19
Q

Where is the diaphragmatic esophageal constriction?

A

Esophageal hiatus

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20
Q

What arteries supply the abdominal portion of the esophagus?

A
  • Left gastric artery
  • Left inferior phrenic artery
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21
Q

What veins drain the abdominal portion of the esophagus?

A
  • Portal system (left gastric vein)
  • Vena caval system (azygos vein)
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22
Q

The esophagus is innervated by the esophageal plexus.
What is the parasympathetic innervation?
What is the sympathetic innervation?

A

Parasympathetic: vagus nerve
Sympathetic: greater splanchnic nerve

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23
Q

What is the lymph supply of the esophagus?

A

Left gastric and celiac lymph nodes

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24
Q

What are the functions of the stomach?

A
  • Food blender and reservoir (2-3 L of food)
  • Enzymatic digestion (chyme)
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25
What is peristalsis of the stomach?
Smooth muscle contractions
26
What are gastric rugae?
Folds in the stomach
27
Where is the gastric canal?
Along the lesser curvature of the stomach
28
Where is the lesser curvature of the stomach?
Medial/right side closer to abdominal esophagus
29
Where is the greater curvature of the stomach?
Lateral/left side of the stomach
30
What is the cardial orifice?
Superior opening of the stomach from the abdominal esophagus
31
Where is the cardia of the stomach in relation to the skeleton?
Posterior to left 6th costal cartilage at the level of T11
32
Where is the fundus of the stomach in relation to the skeleton and the rest of the stomach?
Posterior to left 6th rib in MCL plan Superior to cardia (most superior stomach)
33
What dilates the fundus?
Gas, food, or fluid
34
What separates the fundus and esophagus?
Cardial notch
35
Where is the body of the stomach in relation to other parts of the stomach?
Region between fundus and pyloric antrum
36
What are the components of the pyloric part of the stomach?
Pyloric antrum --> pyloric canal --> pyloric sphincter (pylorus)
37
The left and right gastric arteries anastomose... supplying...
anastomose along lesser curvature of stomach supplying the stomach
38
The left and right gastro-omental arteries anastomose... supplying...
anastomose along greater curvature of stomach supplying the stomach
39
Short and posterior gastric arteries are branches of... supplying...
branches of splenic artery supplying the stomach
40
All stomach veins drain to...
portal vein
41
Where is the prepyloric vein?
Travels over pyloric sphincter to right gastric vein
42
Lymph nodes of the stomach drain to...
cisterna chyli
43
The superior 2/3 of the stomach's lymph drains to...
gastric nodes and pancreaticosplenic nodes
44
The right 2/3 of the inferior stomach's lymph drains to...
pyloric nodes
45
The left 1/3 of the inferior stomach's lymph drains to...
pancreaticoduodenal nodes
46
What is the sympathetic innervation of the stomach?
* Greater splanchnic nerve (T6-T9) * Celiac plexus * Celiac ganglion
47
What are the parasympathetic trunks innervating the stomach?
* Anterior vagal trunk * Posterior vagal trunk
48
The **anterior** vagal trunk supplies parasympathetic innervation to the stomach. What are the branches off of this trunk?
* Hepatic * Duodenal * Anterior gastric
49
The **posterior** vagal trunk supplies parasympathetic innervation to the stomach. What are the branches off of this trunk?
* Celiac branch to celiac plexus * Posterior gastric branches
50
What is the duodenum?
The first and shortest part of the small intestines forming a C around head of the pancreas
51
What are the four anatomical parts of the duodenum?
* Superior * Descending * Inferior * Ascending
52
Where is the superior part of the duodenum in relation to the spine?
Anterolateral to L1
53
The first 2cm of the superior part of the duodenum is called...
ampulla (duodenal cap)
54
Where is the ampulla in relation to the peritoneum?
Intraperitoneal
55
What ligament attaches to the ampulla?
Hepatoduodenal ligament
56
Where is the distal 3cm of the superior duodenum in relation to the peritoneum?
Secondarily retroperitoneal
57
Where is the descending duodenum in relation to the spine?
Descends along right side of L1-L3
58
Hepatopancreatic ampulla enters the... of the...
the posteromedial wall of the descending duodenum
59
What sphincter is between the hepatopancreatic ampulla and the descending duodenum?
Major duodenal papilla/sphincter of Oddi
60
Where is the descending duodenum in relation to the peritoneum?
Secondarily retroperitoneal
61
Where is the inferior part of the duodenum in relation to the spine?
Crosses L3 vertebrae
62
Where is the inferior duodenum in relation to the pancreas?
Inferior to head and uncinate process of pancreas
63
Where is the inferior duodenum in relation to the peritoneum?
Secondarily retroperitoneal
64
Where is the ascending part of the duodenum in relation to the spine?
Left of L3, then rises to superior border of L2
65
Where is the ascending duodenum in relation to the peritoneum?
Secondarily retroperitoneal
66
The ascending duodenum joins the jejunum at...
duodenojejunal flexure
67
What ligament can be found at the duodenojejunal flexure?
Suspensory ligament of duodenum (ligament of Treitz)
68
Which celiac trunk branches supply the duodenum?
* Gastroduodenal * Superior pancreaticoduodenal
69
Which branch of the superior mesenteric artery supplies the duodenum?
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
70
Veins of the duodenum drain to..
portal vein
71
Lymph from the duodenum drains to...
celiac nodes
72
Lymph of the anterior duodenum drains to celiac nodes via...
pancreaticoduodenal and pyloric
73
Lymph of the posterior duodenum drains to the celiac nodes via...
superior mesenteric
74
Where does innervation of the duodenum come from?
Celiac and superior mesenteric plexus
75
What is the parasympathetic innervation of the duodenum?
Vagus nerve
76
What is the sympathetic innervation of the duodenum?
Greater and lesser splanchnic nerves

Gross Anatomy III (19 decks)

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