Cell Biology

Question 1

What are two types of eukaryotic cells

Answer 1

Animal and plant

Question 2

What type of cell is bacteria

Answer 2

Prokaryotic

Question 3

Where is dna found

Answer 3

In the nucleus

Question 4

What is the function of the cell membrane

Answer 4

Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 5

What is the function of mitochondria

Answer 5

Site of respiration to transfer energy for the cell

Question 6

What is the function of the chloroplasts

Answer 6

Contain chlorophyll to absorb light energy for photosynthesis

Question 7

What are ribosome for

Answer 7

To enable production of proteins (protein synthesis)

Question 8

WHAT’S thé function of the cell wall

Answer 8

To strengthen and support the cell

Question 9

What is the structure of the main genetic material in a prokaryotic cell

Answer 9

Single loop of dna

Question 10

How are electron microscopes different to light microscopes

Answer 10

• Electron microscopes use a beam of electrons instead of light,
• cannot be used to view living samples
• much more expensive
• higher magnification and resolution

Question 11

What is the function of a red blood cell

Answer 11

Carries oxygen around the body

Question 12

Give three adaptations of a red blood cell

Answer 12

No nucleus
Contains a red pigment called haemoglobin
A bi concave disc shape

Question 13

What is the function of a nerve cell

Answer 13

Carries electrical impulses around the body

Question 14

Give two adaptations of a nerve cell

Answer 14

Branched endings
Myelin sheath insulates the axon

Question 15

Give two adaptations of a sperm cell

Answer 15

• Tail
• contains lots of mitochondria

Question 16

What is the function of a sperm cell

Answer 16

Fertilises an ovum

Question 17

What is the function of a palisade cell

Answer 17

Carries out photosynthesis in a leaf

Question 18

Give two adaptations of a palisade cell

Answer 18

• lots of chloroplast
• located at the top surface of the leaf

Question 19

What is the function of the root hair cell

Answer 19

Absorbs minerals and water from the soil

Question 20

Give two adaptations of a root hair cell

Answer 20

• Long projection
• lots of mitochondria

Question 21

What does a permanent vacuole contain

Answer 21

Contains cell sap

Question 22

What is eukaryotic

Answer 22

Organisms whose cell contain a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

Question 23

What is the vacuoles function

Answer 23

To help in the storage and disposal of various substances

Question 24

What is a chromosome

Answer 24

Structures found in the nucleus

Question 25

Prokaryotic cells (4p)

Answer 25

- single celled - no nucleus- have a single loop of dna - have small rings of dna called plasmids - smaller than eukaryotic cells

Question 26

What are plasmids

Answer 26

Small rings of dna found in prokaryotes

Question 27

Where are proteins made form amino acids

Answer 27

Ribosomes

Question 28

What 3 extra things are found in Bacteria

Answer 28

- flagella - slime layer - plasmids

Question 29

Why do cells like sperm cells and muscle cells have lots of mitochondria

Answer 29

Need lots of energy for respiration

Question 30

What three things are in plant cells but not animal cells and what do they do

Answer 30

- cell wall-protection - vacuole-store cell sap - chloroplasts-photosynthesis

Question 31

What happens in the cytoplasm

Answer 31

Chemical reactions

Question 32

Which type of cell doesn’t have a cell wall

Answer 32

Animal cells