Cell Differentiation

Question 1

The human body contains about ___ ________ cells

Answer 1

100 trillion

Question 2

Embryo

Answer 2

developmental stage, from which adult organisms are gradually produced. This is where an organism’s cells become more differentiated and specialized for particular function

Question 3

Differentiation

Answer 3

process by which cells become more specialized

Question 4

What determines the identity of a cell

Answer 4

differentiation

Question 5

Mammals go through a flexible process of in which _____ ______ is controlled by…

Answer 5

cell differentiation; factors in the embryo

Question 6

Have scientists discovered the processes caused by factors in the embryo?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

Blastocyst

Answer 7

hollow ball of cells with a cluster of cells inside of it known as the inner cell mass

Question 8

Do adult cells reach a point in which their differentiation is complete and they cannot become other cells

Answer 8

yes (most of them )

Question 9

What type of cell goes through cell differentiation

Answer 9

zygote

Question 10

A zygote is a _____

Answer 10

diploid

Question 11

Diploid

Answer 11

2 sets of chromosomes

Question 12

Haploid

Answer 12

one set of chromosomes

Question 13

How many steps does cell differentiation have?

Answer 13

3

Question 14

What are the steps of cell differentiation

Answer 14

1) Sperm fuses with the egg to form a zygote
2) 3-4 days later the zygote becomes a morula
3) 4-5 days later the zygote becomes a blastula

Question 15

Cell fate map

Answer 15

map that depicts how and when the zygote will specialize into different special cells

Question 16

Do humans have cell fate maps

Answer 16

no bc there are trillions of cells in the human body

Question 17

How many types of stem cells are there

Answer 17

3

Question 18

What are the different types of stem cells

Answer 18

totipotent, puripotent, multipotent

Question 19

toti meaning

Answer 19

total

Question 20

pluri meaning

Answer 20

plural

Question 21

multi meaning

Answer 21

multiple

Question 22

potent meaning

Answer 22

potential

Question 23

What is an example of a totipotent cell

Answer 23

zygote

Question 24

Totipotent cells

Answer 24

cells that have the potential to become ANY specialized cell

Question 25

Pluripotent cells

Answer 25

cells that have the potential to become MOST specialized cells

Question 26

What is an example of a pluripotent cell

Answer 26

embryonic stem cell

Question 27

Where do pluripotent stem cells come from?

Answer 27

the inner cell membrane of the blastocyst

Question 28

pluripotent cells cannot become the

Answer 28

cells in the placenta

Question 29

Placenta

Answer 29

tissues surrounding the embryo

Question 30

What is an example of a multipotent stem cell

Answer 30

adult stem cells

Question 31

Multipotent Stem Cells

Answer 31

cells that have the potential to become multiple (limited) specialized cells

Question 32

What is the New stem cell research called and what does it stand for?

Answer 32

IPSC's and it stands for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Question 33

IPSC's

Answer 33

a new scientific phenomena in which scientist's can "turn back the clock" on adult stem cells (multipotent) so they become totipotent cells so embryonic stem cells will no longer be used for stem cell therapy

Question 34

Stem Cell Therapy

Answer 34

a therapy (used for some conditions today) which uses stem cells to repair or replace badly damaged cells and tissues

Question 35

What is the ethical problem behind Stem cell therapy

Answer 35

there is a political/ethical debate that states that using totipotent (zygotes) cells (which come from embryos) is murdering

Question 36

Morula is a __ cell stage

Answer 36

8

Question 37

What do the tissues that surround the embryo do

Answer 37

attach it to its mother

Question 38

Stem Cells

Answer 38

unspecialized cells from which differentiated cells develop

Question 39

What are stem cells used for

Answer 39

they are used to replace cells when they die

Question 40

Do stem cells have a specific job

Answer 40

no they are undifferentiated

Question 41

What is an example of a stem cell completing its function in everyday life

Answer 41

The intestines replace their lining every four days