cell membrane

Question 1

structure of cell membrane

Answer 1

a phospholipid bilayer with carbohydrate arms and proteins

Question 2

solution

Answer 2

mixture of 1+ solutes dissolved in solvent

Question 3

solvent

Answer 3

a liquid that can dissolve a solid

Question 4

solute

Answer 4

a dissolvable substance

Question 5

why do tails of phospholipids touch inwards

Answer 5

the hydrophilic heads are attracted to the intracellular and extracellular fluids

Question 6

transport proteins

Answer 6

membrane proteins that aid in the facilitated diffusion or active transport of ions across the hydrophobic lipid bilayer

Question 7

receptor proteins

Answer 7

transmit information to the cell by sensing the presence or absence of their cognate ligands

Question 8

identification tag proteins

Answer 8

peptide sequences that are attached to proteins to facilitate easy detection and purification of expressed proteins

Question 9

ion

Answer 9

atom or molecule with net electrical charge

Question 10

what molecules can directly move through cell membrane

Answer 10

small, uncharged, nonpolar molecules

Question 11

what molecules cannot directly move thru cell membrane

Answer 11

larger, polar ions

Question 12

active transport moves

Answer 12

against or up the gradient

Question 13

two types of active transport…

Answer 13

pump activity and bulk transport

Question 14

pump activity is when…

Answer 14

proteins are pumped against the gradient

Question 15

bulk transport is when…

Answer 15

large particles or large amounts of small particles moving across membrane

Question 16

endocytosis

Answer 16

cell membrane pinches in to form a vesicle to bring large materials / large amounts of materials into cell

Question 17

exocytosis

Answer 17

Vesicle fuses with cell membrane to push large materials / large amounts of materials out of cell

Question 18

what do motor proteins transport

Answer 18

membrane closed organelles

Question 19

how do motor proteins move

Answer 19

Motor proteins use energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP to move unidirectionally along microtubules and actin filaments

Question 20

simple diffusion

Answer 20

Movement of a substance across the phospholipid part of the membrane from high to low concentration

Question 21

facilitated diffusion

Answer 21

Movement of a big ions across the membrane through a protein channel from high to low concentration

Question 22

osmosis

Answer 22

Diffusion of water across a membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration

Question 23

three types of passive transport

Answer 23

simple and facilitated diffusion, and osmosis

Question 24

channel protein

Answer 24

a special arrangement of amino acids which embeds in the cell membrane, providing a hydrophilic passageway for water and small, polar ions

Question 25

pump protein

Answer 25

transmembrane proteins that actively move ions against the gradient of concentration across membranes

Question 26

aquaporin

Answer 26

water channel

Question 27

ideal environment for animal cells

Answer 27

hypotonic solution