Cells And Movement Across Cells

Question 1

What is the protein called inside the red blood cell?

Answer 1

Hemoglobin which makes the pigment red and also carries oxygen

Question 2

What are the four important substances called that diffuse across our cell membranes?

Answer 2

Oxygen
Water
Sugars and amino acids
Carbon dioxide

Question 3

Why does diffusion happen?

Answer 3

Diffusion happens because the molecules in liquids and gases are constantly moving and bumping into eachover.

Question 4

What is diffusion?

Answer 4

Diffusion is the net (overall) movement of particles (molecules) from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 5

What type of process is diffusion?

Answer 5

Is a passive process which means no energy is needed

Question 6

What do multicellular organisms differentiate into? Give an example

Answer 6

They are made up of many different types of cells to differentiate and become specialised cells. Example is red blood cells

Question 7

What are specialised cells?

Answer 7

Specialised cells shape or structure has been changed in order for them to carry out a certain job. They are more efficient in performing specific functions than non specialised cells.

Question 8

What is a solute?

Answer 8

A solute is a solid which dissolves in a solvent (e.g water) to form a solution. For example, sugar or salt

Question 9

What is a dilute solution?

Answer 9

Dilute solutions contain a high concentration of water and a low concentration of solute (e.g sugar)

Question 10

What is a concentrated solution?

Answer 10

Contains a high concentration of solute (e.g sugar) and a low concentration of water.

Question 11

Give an example of a large molecules that cannot pass through through a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 11

Starch

Question 12

What does selectively permeable membrane do?

Answer 12

Allow some substances to pass through them but not others

Question 13

What is a dilute solution?

Answer 13

A dilute solution contains a high concentration of water molecules; while a concentrated solution contains a low concentration of water molecules.

Question 14

What is osmosis?

Answer 14

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules, from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, through a selectively permeable membrane. (Passive process)

Question 15

What is the function of chloroplasts? And where is it found?

Answer 15

Contains a green pigment called chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy. This is where photosynthesis occurs. (Found in plant cells only)

Question 16

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 16

Made of a tough substance called cellulose, which supports the cell.
(Found in plant cells only)

Question 17

What is the function of the vacuole? And where is it present?

Answer 17

Contains a liquid called cell sap, which keeps the cell firm (found in planet cells only)

Question 18

What is the function of the mitochondria? And what cells is it found in?

Answer 18

Where respiration takes place, releasing energy for the cell. Found in plant and animal cells.

Question 19

What is the function of the nucleus? And where is it found?

Answer 19

Carries genetic information and controls what happens inside the cell (found in plant and animal cells)

Question 20

What is the function of the cytoplasm? And what part is it found in?

Answer 20

Jelly-like substance where chemical reactions happen. Found in plant and animal cells.

Question 21

What is the function of the cell membrane? And what is it found in?

Answer 21

Contains the movement of substances into and out the cell (found in plant and animal cells)

Question 22

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using an electron microscope?

Answer 22

• You can see a more detailed specimens using a higher magnification
• Can only be used to view dead tissue

Question 23

How do you convert millimetres into micrometers?

Answer 23

Multiply it by 1000

Question 24

How do you calculate magnification?

Answer 24

Magnification= length of image divided by actual length

Question 25

How do you calculate actual length?

Answer 25

Actual length = length of the image divided by actual length of magnification

Question 26

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a light microscope

Answer 26

• can be used to only view living tissue

* Has a low maximum magnification so can’t study all the cells structures

Question 27

What type of cells are animal and plant cells ?

Answer 27

Multicellular organisms

They consist of many cells that work together