CELLULAR RESPIRATION Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in CELLULAR RESPIRATION Deck (16)
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1
Q

purpose of cellular respiration

A

to break down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release stored chemical potential energy

2
Q

why organisms need energy

A

the need energy in order for the 7 life processes to occur

3
Q

2 types of cellular respiration

A
  1. aerobic cellular respiration

2. anaerobic cellular respiration

4
Q

aerobic respiration

A

process that takes place in the presence of oxygen and produces two metabolic waste products called CO2 and H2O

5
Q

anaerobic respiration

A

process that takes place in the absence of oxygen

6
Q

anaerobic respiration in animals

A

produces metabolic waste product called lactic acid(gives us stiff muscles when we exercise)

7
Q

anaerobic respiration in plants/bacteria and yeast

A

produces metabolic waste products called CO2 and ethanol(used in beer etc)

8
Q

where cellular respiration takes place

A

the mitochondria

9
Q

3 stages of aerobic cellular respiration

A
  1. glycolysis
  2. krebs cycle
  3. oxidative phosphorylation
10
Q

glycolysis

A
  1. occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
  2. where glucose is broken down to pyric acid
  3. energy rich hydrogen atoms are carried by carrier molecule (NAD+)and move into mitochondria
  4. 2 ATP molecules are produced
11
Q

krebs cycle

A
  1. occurs in mitochondrial matrix
  2. pyruvic acid is then broken down into carbon dioxide and energy rich hydrogen atoms which are picked up by NAD
  3. the carbon dioxide will be transported in the blood to the lungs and is exhaled during breathing in humans/animals
12
Q

oxidative phosphorylation

A
  1. occurs in the inner mitochondria membrane
  2. the energy from the energy rich NADH is used to make ATP(phosphorylation)
  3. the hydrogen combines with oxygen to make water
  4. the water is either exhaled as water vapour or is excreted by the kidneys as part of the urine
13
Q

2 stages of anaerobic respiration

A
  1. glycolysis

2. fermentation

14
Q

produces alcohol and CO2

A

alcoholic fermentation in plants/ bacteria and yeast

15
Q

produces lactic acid

A

lactic acid fermentation in animals

16
Q

differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

A
  1. in aerobic respiration the raw materials required are glucose and oxygen whereas in anaerobic respiration only glucose required
  2. the products of aerobic respiration carbon dioxide and water whereas with anaerobic respiration its ethanol, carbon dioxide and lactic acid
  3. the amount of energy released per glucose molecule for aerobic respiration is 38 ATP whereas with anaerobic respiration only 2 ATP