cerebrovascular testing Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in cerebrovascular testing Deck (20)
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1
Q

what is the main mech. of disease in crebrovascular symptoms

A

atheromatous plaque formed within the arterial wall

embolius

2
Q
  • name the different types of plaque
A

fatty streak - thin lipid layer in intma

fibrous - accumulation of lipids

complicated lesion- cellular debris within lesion

ulcerative lesion - fibrous cap deteriorates -
emboli

intra-plaque hemorrhage - described as sonolucent core- caused by hemmorhage of vasa vasorum which bleeds into plaque

3
Q

mech of disease in cerebrovascular system

atherosclerotic cond’

A

atherosclerosis
thromboembolic
aneurysm

4
Q

what is aneurysm

A

localized dilitation of a blood vessel due to congenital defects or wall weakness
>1.5 x adjacent segment of vessel

5
Q

describe FMD

A

fibromuscular dysplasia
diffuse dysplacia mid/distal ICA
young women
bead-like appearance

6
Q

describe CBT

A

carotid body tumor
small structure splaying carotid bifurcation
highly vascular
tx with ligation of feeding vessels - from ECA

7
Q

describe neointimal hyperplasia

A

intimal thickening
response to injury/ reconstruction
stenosis may occur 6-24 mo (endarterectomy )

8
Q

palpable pulse in crebrovascular

A

CCA, Superficial temporal, subclavian, axillary

9
Q

what do you HEAR with auscultation

A

B%ruit
noise heard with turbulant flow
but may not be heard with very tight stenosis >90%

10
Q

what should be done with subclav a bruie

A

bilateral pressures

to detect prox stenosis /// subclavian steal

11
Q

Anterior circulation symptoms typically have what characteristic

A

lateralizing neurological deficits

left side of brain controls right side of body and visa versa

12
Q

specific eye sx (amaurosis fugax ) suggest lesion where

A

ipsilateral ICA disease

13
Q

sx with ICA lesion :

5

A
unilateral paresis   (weakness)
unilateral paresthesia (tingling)
aphasia                    (inability to speak)
amaurosis fugax      (temporaty loss of vision)
14
Q

myopia is what and is it consistent with ICA lesion

A

nearsightedness

NOT consistent with ICA lesion

15
Q

homonymous hemianopia is what

A

defective vision in left and right halves of the visual fields
not alway related to ICA lesion

16
Q

symptoms MCA lesion

3

A

aphasia/ dysphasia

severe FACIAL arm hemiparesis or hemiplega (rather than leg)

behavioral changes

17
Q

symptoms w ACA lesion

A

more severe leg hemiparesis / hemiplegia

incontinence

loss of coordination

18
Q

Posterior circulation (vertebrobasilar lesions symptoms

A
vertigo  (equilibrium)
ataxia -  (uncontrolled gait)
bilateral visual blurring (double vision--diplopia)
bilateral paresthesia anesthesia
drop attack:
19
Q

sx with PCA lesions

A

dyslexia
coma
paralysis does NOT occur

20
Q

general non-localizing symptoms

A

dizziness
syncome
severe headache