Ch 1: Intro to Human Bio Flashcards Preview

Biology 020: Human Biology > Ch 1: Intro to Human Bio > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ch 1: Intro to Human Bio Deck (14)
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1
Q

What are the characteristics of life?

A

All living things have:
-multiple levels of biological organization
-At the simplest chemical level, atoms join together to form molecules.
-4 types of large biological molecules: carbs, lipids, proteins, & nucleic acids.
-cell is the smallest structural & functional unit that has all of the characteristics of life.
-composed of one or more cells.
All cells come from other cells.

-Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform a particular function.
Several tissues join together to form an organ
-Organ: performs a particular function within the body.
-Groups of organs work together in an organ system. The nervous system consists of the brain, the spinal cord and nerves.
Organisms such as humans and trees are collections of organ systems.
-An organism is any living thing. Organisms can be single-celled or multicellular.

  • Species
  • A population includes all of the members of a species in a particular area or habitat.
  • A community includes all of the different populations in an area.
  • An ecosystem is made up of all of the populations in an area and the nonliving environment.
  • Biosphere

The biosphere includes everywhere on earth where life exists. Living things acquire materials and energy

Living things cannot survive without a source of energy. Energy is the ability to perform physical or chemical work. Energy is needed to build-up large biological molecules, maintain homeostasis, enable movement and for other purposes.

Producers are organisms that make their own food. •

2
Q

What’s the order of biological organization?

A
Atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
3
Q

characteristics unique to humans.

A
  1. organized
  2. acquire materials & energy
  3. homeostatic
  4. respond to stimuli
  5. reproduce &grow
  6. evolutionary history
4
Q

define: stimuli

A

change in the internal/external environment that a sensory receptor can detect, leading to nerve impulses in sensory neurons.

5
Q

define: homeostasis

A

maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell by self-regulation

6
Q

define: genes

A

unit of heredity existing as alleles on the chromosomes

contains the info in the DNA

7
Q

define: hypothesis

A

proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

8
Q

define: theory

A

system of ideas intended to explain something

9
Q

Know the roles of consumers

A

organism that feeds on another organism in a food chain, -primary consumers eat plants, and secondary eat animals

10
Q

define: reproduce

A

pass on their genetic information to the next generation

11
Q

Know the roles of producers

A

photosynthetic organism at the start of a grazing food chain that makes its own food (green plants)

12
Q

Know the roles of decomposers

A

organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms
-decomposers (like herbivores and predators) are heterotrophic (use organic substrates to get their energy, carbon and nutrients for growth and development)

13
Q

different levels of organization of the human organism.

A
Atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
----
Organism
-A population includes all of the members of a species in a particular area or habitat. 
-A community includes all of the different populations in an area.
-An ecosystem is made up of all of the populations in an area and the nonliving environment.
-Biosphere
14
Q

process of science

A

observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, conducting of experiment, collection of data, results, support hypothesis?