Ch 1: (pg 1-6) Flashcards
(26 cards)
characteristics of living human organism (6)
metabolism, ability to respond to internal/external stimuli, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction
what is metabolism
(anabolic + catabolic rxns.)
the sum of all the chemical rxns. in the body
what’s an anabolic rxn.
a rxn. that builds lg. and complex organic mlcs. using ATP
what’s a catabolic rxn.
breaking down of lg. organic mlcs. into smaller mlcs. that body uses for energy and heat
what are the 4 tissues of the body
epithelium, connective tissue, muscle tissue, nervous tissue
3 types of muscle tissue
smooth, cardiac, skeletal
what does connective tissue entail
tendons, ligaments, bone, blood
what are some examples of epithelial tissue
epidermis of skin, musosal epithelium lining intestine, serosa covering surface of stomach
what is homeostasis
maintenance of relatively constant internal environment (blood sugar, blood pH, body temp., etc…)
what two systems regulate homeostasis
nervous and endocrine
what is differentiation
the process whereby a cell specializes into a specific cell with specific functions
what are the levels of structural organization of the body
chemical–> cells –> tissues –> organs –> organ systems –> organism
what’s the feedback sys.
(homeostasis)
a cycle of events which involve continuously monitoring a controlled condition of the body and reporting back to CNS
what is stress
stimulus that disturbs homeostasis
the 3 components of a feedback sys
receptor->control center->effector
if a response reverses the original stimulus then the feedback sys. is described as a _________. Give an example
negative feedback sys.
maintaining blood pressure
if the response enhances the original stimulus the feedback sys. is described as ______. Ex)?
positive feedback sys.
labor contractions- once it begins the positive feedback sys. further increases the process OR blood clotting
homeostatic imbalances can result in ______ and _____
disorders, diseases
a sign of a disease is ______
a change that can be OBSERVED and MEASURED
ie) rash, inflammation, vomiting
FEELING nauseous or anxious is a _______
symptom
dilute, watery solutions containing dissolved chemicals are ______
body fluids
what are some extracellular fluids in our body
lymph, plasma, interstitial fluids
what is plasma
extracellular fluid of blood
what is interstitial fluid
fluid found in spaces between cells