CH 12 Endocrine System

Question 1

A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that is important in the regulation of water and salt balance in the body

Answer 1

aldosterone

Question 2

cells located in the islet of langerhans that secrete glucagon

Answer 2

alpha cells

Question 3

male sex hormones

Answer 3

androgens

Question 4

one of the two portions of the pituitary gland; it produces hormones that are not neurohormones; also called the andeohypophysis

Answer 4

anterior pituitary lobe

Question 5

a hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary lobe of the pituitary gland, it constricts blood vessels and raises the blood pressure, also called vasopressin

Answer 5

antiduiretic hormone (ADH)

Question 6

cells located in the islets of langerhans that secrete insulin

Answer 6

beta cells

Question 7

a hormone produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland that is important in the regulation of calcium levels in the body

Answer 7

calcitonin

Question 8

any of several steroids secreted by the adrenal gland

Answer 8

corticosteroids

Question 9

a disorder of the pituitary gland that results in large volumes of dilute urine

Answer 9

diabetes insipidus

Question 10

a condition that results from impaired production of insulin by the pancreas

Answer 10

diabetes mellitus

Question 11

glands that empty secretions (hormones) directly into the blood

Answer 11

endocrine glands

Question 12

a system of glands located throughout the body that secrete hormone that regulate many body functions, including growth, reproduction, temperature, metabolism, and blood pressure

Answer 12

endocrine system

Question 13

glands that empty their products through ducts, usually onto epitherlial surfaces

Answer 13

exocrine glands

Question 14

a process that stimulates both the liver and the kidneys to produce glucose from noncarbohydrate molecules

Answer 14

gluconeogenesis

Question 15

a long polymer from which glucose is converted in the liver (animal starch)

Answer 15

glycogen

Question 16

proteins secreted by glands to regulate body functions

Answer 16

hormones

Question 17

the gland that secretes hormones that regulate the function of many other glands in the body; also called the pituitary gland

Answer 17

hypophysis

Question 18

basal part of the diencephalon, it regulates the function of the pituitary gland

Answer 18

hypothalamus

Question 19

compounds that travel from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland in specialized set of blood vessels; also called releasing factors

Answer 19

inhibiting factors

Question 20

a specialized group of cells in the pancreas where insulin and glucagon are produces

Answer 20

islets of langerhans

Question 21

the concept that once the desired effect of a hormone has been achieved, further production of the hormone is inhibited until it is needed again; also called feedback inhibition

Answer 21

negative feedback

Question 22

hormones that are secreted by the posterior pituitary lobe

Answer 22

neurohormones

Question 23

a hormone that causes the smooth muscles of the pregnant uterus to contract and milk to be released from the breasts of lactating women

Answer 23

oxytocin

Question 24

an organ of both the endocrine and digestive systems, it produces the hormones insulin and glucagon

Answer 24

pancreas

Question 25

four glands that are embedded in the posterior portion of each lobe of the thyroid, they produce and secrete parathyroid hormone

Answer 25

parathyroid glands

Question 26

the gland that secretes hormones that regulates the function of many other glands in the body; also called the hypophysis

Answer 26

pituitary gland

Question 27

the concept that once the desired effect of a hormone has been achieves, production of the hormone is continued

Answer 27

positive feedback

Question 28

hormone that plays an important role in milk production in women

Answer 28

prolactin

Question 29

a group of hormone-like fatty acids that are produced in many body tissues, including the uterus, brain and kidneys

Answer 29

prostaglandins

Question 30

compounds that travel from the hypothalmus to the pituitary gland in a specialized set of blood vessels; also called inhibiting factors

Answer 30

releasing factors

Question 31

a large endocrine gland that is located at the base of the neck and produces and excretes hormones that influence growth, development and metabolism

Answer 31

thyroid gland

Question 32

a hormone that controls the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland; also called thyrotropin

Answer 32

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)