Ch 12 OUTLINE

Question 0

2. The bed rock

Answer 0

Regolith

Question 1

1. Zone of growth

Answer 1

Soil

Question 2

3. This is part if the lithosphere

Answer 2

Soil

Question 3

Geologic factors
Climatic factor
Topographic factor
Biological factor
Chronological factor

Answer 3

4. Soil forming factors

Question 4

Parental material factor

Answer 4

Geologic factors

Question 5

Mainly temperature and moisture factor

Answer 5

Climatic factor

Question 6

Mostly slop and drainage system

Factor

Answer 6

Topographic factor

Question 7

Living things that give life to soil factor

Answer 7

Biological factor

Question 8

Years based on human life span

Answer 8

Chronological factor

Question 9

Inorganic material
Organic matter
Soil air
Soil water

Answer 9

5. Soil components

Question 10

Texture and cations

Answer 10

Inorganic material

Question 11

Litter

Answer 11

Organic matter

Question 12

Pore space

Answer 12

Soil air

Question 13

Leaching, illuviation, field capacity, and wilting point

Answer 13

Soil water

Question 14

This dissolves nutrients and depletes it of nutrients. makes them available for plant roots.

Answer 14

Leaching

Question 15

Particles are “deposited” at lower level

Answer 15

iLLUviation

Question 16

Water Picks up particles of mineral from upper layer and carries downward

Answer 16

ELUviation

Question 17

Remaining volume of water after gravitational water has drained away

Answer 17

Field capacity

Question 18

Drought conditions prevail water

Completely evaporated plants can’t extract any more moisture from soil

Answer 18

Wilting point

Question 19

Color
Texture 
 -sand
- salt 
- clay 
Structure 
- porosity 
- permeability

Answer 19

Soil properties

Question 20

Amount of pore space in soil that can hold water

Answer 20

Porosity

Question 21

How easily water can move in soil

Answer 21

Permeability

Question 22

Colloids
Cation exchange
Cation exchange capacity

Answer 22

Soil chemistry

Question 23

CEC capabilities of soil to attract an exchange cation

Answer 23

Cation exchange capacity

Question 24

- generally the higher the CEC the more

Answer 24

Fertile soil is

Question 25

``` 4 processes deepen and age soils -addition -loss -translocation -transformation Horizon O A E B C R ```

Answer 25

Soil profile

Question 26

``` Laterization Podzolization Gleization Calcification Salinisation ```

Answer 26

Pedogenic regimes of soil