Ch 14

Question 1

The reproduction of cells is also known as ___

Answer 1

cell division

Question 2

Which of the following terms refers to a series of events that ensures cell division occurs?

Answer 2

Cell cycle

Question 3

Before a cell can undergo cell division, the chromosomes have to be

Answer 3

compacted

Question 4

A reveals the number, size, and form of chromosomes found in actively dividing cells.

Answer 4

karyotype

Question 5

Identify the chromosomes that consist of two slightly different copies of the same chromosome.

Answer 5

Homologous chromosomes

Question 6

Cell division refers to the ____ of cells.

Answer 6

reproduction

Question 7

In preparation for cell division, the chromosomes are replicated and compacted into ________ ________.

Answer 7

sister chromatids

Question 8

In eukaryotes, chromosomes occur in each of which is composed of several different types of chromosomes.

Answer 8

sets

Question 9

When a cell prepares to divide, the chromosomes become more tightly compacted. This process decreases the apparent length of the chromosomes and increases their

Answer 9

diameter

Question 10

In humans, what chromosomes determine the sex of the individual?

Answer 10

X and Y chromosomes

Question 11

What does a karyotype reveal about chromosomes found in actively dividing cells?

Answer 11

number
centromere position
size

Question 12

chromatids are two identical copies of a chromosome connected by a centromere, whereas homologous chromosomes are the two different copies of the same chromosome.

Answer 12

sister

Question 13

In humans, there are ___ different types of autosomes.

Answer 13

22

Question 14

Which of the following correctly describes how eukaryotic chromosomes are prepared for cell division?

Answer 14

The chromosomes are replicated and compacted into sister chromatids

Question 15

Which of the following correctly describes how eukaryotic chromosomes are prepared for cell division?

Answer 15

The chromosomes are replicated and compacted into sister chromatids

Question 16

How many sets of chromosomes do the cells of many eukaryotic species have?

Answer 16

Two

Question 17

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic chromosome sets is true?

Answer 17

A set is composed of several different types of chromosomes

Question 18

In humans, the X and Y chromosomes are called the

Answer 18

sex chromosomes

Question 19

True or false: In sexual reproduction in eukaryotes, each parent contributes one set of chromosomes to the offspring.

Answer 19

true

Question 20

What statement is true of eukaryotic chromosomes?

Answer 20

eukaryotic

Question 21

How many different types of autosomes do humans have?

Answer 21

22

Question 22

Humans have a total of chromosomes.

Answer 22

46

Question 23

In diploid eukaryotic organisms, most cells contain __ sets of chromosomes.

Answer 23

2

Question 24

In eukaryotes, chromosomes occur in , each of which is composed of several different types of chromosomes.

Answer 24

sets

Question 25

Which of the statements below are true for chromosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 25

* Diploid cells have a maternal homologue and a paternal homologue. * Diploid cells have two versions of each chromosome.

Question 26

Homologous chromosomes contain corresponding DNA sequences that are:

Answer 26

similar

Question 27

In ______ cells, eukaryotic chromosomes occur in ______.

Answer 27

diploid; homologous pairs

Question 28

How many chromosomes are in a human cell?

Answer 28

46

Question 29

Match the stages of the cell cycle to the correct cell activity:

Answer 29

- G1: A cell grows and becomes committed to divide - S: Chromosomes are replicated - G2: A cell makes proteins for chromosome sorting and cell division - M: A cell divides into two daughter cells

Question 30

A diploid organism contains

Answer 30

two sets of chromosomes.

Question 31

In a cell's life, cell growth occurs primarily during what phase?

Answer 31

G1

Question 32

he DNA sequences on chromosomes are very similar but not identical.

Answer 32

Homologous

Question 33

Chromosome replication occurs in the

Answer 33

S

Question 34

Cells produce proteins that are necessary for chromosome sorting and cell division during what phase of the cell cycle?

Answer 34

G2

Question 35

Put the events of the cell cycle into chronological order. Begin at the top with the events of the G1 phase. Instructions

Answer 35

mitosis

Question 36

Mitosis is usually followed by cytokinesis, which is

Answer 36

the division of the cytoplasm to produce two daughter cells.

Question 37

What are the main proteins responsible for advancing a cell through the phases of the cell cycle?

Answer 37

Cyclins | Cyclin-dependent kinases

Question 38

During which phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes replicated?

Answer 38

S phase

Question 39

In order to be active, cdks must bind to proteins called

Answer 39

cyclins

Question 40

In the G2 phase, the cell synthesizes _____ needed for chromosome sorting and cell division.

Answer 40

proteins

Question 41

In order to determine if a cell is in the proper conditions to divide, a cell employs ______ critical regulatory points called checkpoints.

Answer 41

3

Question 42

The M phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle consists of two parts. The first part, in which the chromosomes are divided equally between two daughter nuclei, is called

Answer 42

mitosis

Question 43

The proteins that control the various specific stages in the cell cycle are called which of the following?

Answer 43

Checkpoint proteins

Question 44

In most cases, mitosis is followed by , which is the division of the cytoplasm to produce two distinct daughter cells.

Answer 44

cytokinesis