ch 14 & 15 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in ch 14 & 15 Deck (36)
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1
Q

how old is the earth

A

4.68 billion years

2
Q

relative dating

A

not knowing the exact date

3
Q

absolute dating

A

knowing the exact date of which an event occurred

4
Q

four eras in order

A

pre Cambrian
paleozioc
Mesozoic
cenozoic

5
Q

what eras are broken into

A

periods

6
Q

what is spontaneous generation–who disproved

A

create living organisms from inanimate objects – pasteur

7
Q

biogenesis

A

production of living organisms or organelles

8
Q

oparins hypothesis

A

life began by a combination of amino acids

9
Q

what did miller & ureys experiment do

A

found out amino acids could form in that environment

10
Q

what process created oxygen

A

photosynthesizing prokaryotes–ozone layer

11
Q

law of superstition

A

younger rocks on top–older on bottom

12
Q

law of inclusions

A

pieces of rock found in other layers are always older

13
Q

law of cross cutting

A

anything cutting across a rock layer is younger

14
Q

lay of unconformities

A

missing rock layers show missing time

15
Q

evolution

A

the changes in population over time

16
Q

Charles darwin

A

came up with natural selection

17
Q

3 types of structural adaptations

A

mimicry, protective coloration, protective resemblance

18
Q

mimincry

A

organism looks like another

19
Q

protective coloration

A

camoflauge

20
Q

protective resemblance

A

shape

21
Q

evidence of evolution

A

fossils, biogeography, embryology, morphology, biochemistty

22
Q

fossils

A

clearly indicate that the fossils closely related to species tend to be adjacent to one another

23
Q

biogeography

A

the study of which species indicate which parts of the planet & why

24
Q

embryology

A

studying of developing embryo

25
Q

morphology

A

the study of anatomical shape & design

26
Q

biochemistry

A

many organisms share similar dna sequences, enzymes, & processes to make atp

27
Q

3 examples of morphology

A

homologous organs
analogous organs
vestigial organs

28
Q

mechanisms of evolution

A

genetic drift\
mutations
natural selection
gene flow

29
Q

genetic drift

A

isolated small populations may represent a disproportionate frequency of some genes

30
Q

gene flow

A

immigration in which genes are gained & emigration in when genes are lost from a population

31
Q

mutation

A

caused by chemicals, radiation, or chance

32
Q

natural selection

A

cause of changes in gene pools

only strongest will survive

33
Q

3 types of natural selection

A

stabilizing selection
directional selection
disruptive selection

34
Q

convergent

A

organisms with very different ancestors becoming similar

35
Q

divergent

A

similar organisms becoming increasingly different

36
Q

H-W equation

A

A+a=1