Ch. 17 Quiz

Question 1

Endocrine description

Answer 1

Secretions are distributed through the bloodstream

Secretions serve as a form of cell-to-cell communication.

Secretions belong to three chemical categories:
steroids, monoamines, and peptides.

Glands exhibit a high density of capillaries.

Question 2

Exocrine description

Answer 2

Secretions are released via ducts onto epithelial tissues.

Secretions serve to lubricate mucosal membranes.

Secretions might contain metabolic waste.

Secretions may have antimicrobial properties.

Question 3

Secretions that are exocrine

Answer 3

Sebum

Sweat

Mucus

Bile

Hydrochloric acid

Question 4

Secretions that are endocrine

Answer 4

Prolactin

Erythropoietin

Triiodothyronine

Oxytocin

Testosterone

Question 5

LH

Answer 5

stimulates ovulation

Question 6

TRH

Answer 6

stimulates production of TSH and PRL

Question 7

ACTH

Answer 7

stimulates secretion of anti-stress hormones

Question 8

PRL

Answer 8

stimulates milk synthesis

Question 9

ADH

Answer 9

stimulates water retention

Question 10

FSH

Answer 10

named for the effect on gamete production

Question 11

ADH

Answer 11

name means “against urine”

Question 12

PTH

Answer 12

name means “near thyroid”

Question 13

TSH

Answer 13

named for directly affecting thyroid

Question 14

T3

Answer 14

named for the number of iodine molecules in the hormone

Question 15

PRL

Answer 15

name means “promoting milk production”

Question 16

GnRH

Answer 16

named for causing the release of hormones affecting the gonads

Question 17

ACTH

Answer 17

named for stimulating the cortex of the adrenal gland

Question 18

LH

Answer 18

named for producing the conversion of the follicle into a corpus luteum

Question 19

CRH

Answer 19

named for causing the release of ACTH

Question 20

adipose tissue

Answer 20

insulin stimulates this tissue to convert glucose to triglycerides

Question 21

bone tissue

Answer 21

parathyroid hormone stimulates this tissue to release calcium

Question 22

skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 22

growth hormone stimulates this tissue to hypertrophy in response to mechanical trauma

Question 23

blood tissue

Answer 23

erythropoietin stimulates increased production of this tissue

Question 24

cardiac tissue

Answer 24

epinephrine stimulates the beta receptors of this tissue producing cAMP production and calcium permeability

Question 25

hyaline cartilage

Answer 25

growth hormone stimulates chondroblasts and hyperplasia in this tissue and ossification of matrix

Question 26

pancreatic islets

Answer 26

hyperglycemia stimulates these cells to secrete insulin

Question 27

merocrine sweat glands

Answer 27

epinephrine binds to muscarinic receptors in this tissue to cause increased secretion of sweat

Question 28

seminiferous tubules

Answer 28

FSH stimulates the production of sperm in this tissue

Question 29

prostacyclin

Answer 29

inhibiting blood clotting and vasoconstriction

Question 30

thromboxanes

Answer 30

stimulates vasoconstriction and clotting

Question 31

prostaglandins

Answer 31

relax and/or contract smooth muscle

Question 32

leukotrienes

Answer 32

mediate allergic and inflammatory reactions

Question 33

Addison disease

Answer 33

hyposecretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids

Question 34

graves disease

Answer 34

thyroid hypertrophy and hypersecretion

Question 35

myxedema

Answer 35

prolonged adult hypothyroidism

Question 36

pheochromocytoma

Answer 36

excess ephinephrine secretion

Question 37

Cushing syndrome

Answer 37

excess cortisol secretion

Question 38

hyperparathyroidism

Answer 38

excess PTH secretion

Question 39

how communication of endocrine and nervous system differ

Answer 39

nervous system adapts relatively slowly and may respond for days and weeks the endocrine system reacts more slowly to stimuli often taking seconds to days the endocrine system stops quickly when stimulus stops the endocrine system communicates by means of hormones

Question 40

anterior pituitary differs from posterior pituitary

Answer 40

posterior pituitary secretes gonadotropins anterior is stimulated by the hypothalamus via hormones that travel through the hypophseal portal system oxytocin is secreted by anterior cell bodies in the hypothalamus synthesize hormones that pass down the hypothalamo-hypohysela tract and are stored in the posteior

Question 41

GH functions

Answer 41

promotes tissue health inhibits protein synthesis targets many organs stimulates milk secretion by the mammary glands

Question 42

how cells regulate their sensitivity to circulating hormones

Answer 42

receptor-hormone interactions are similar to the enzyme-substrate interactions receptors chemically change their ligands a receptor for one hormone will not bind other hormones receptors do not exhibit enzyme-like specificity and saturation

Question 43

physical causes of stress include

Answer 43

malnutrition intense exercise infection grief

Question 44

the _____ secreted a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia

Answer 44

parathyroid gland

Question 45

the infundibulum is a

Answer 45

progection of the hypothalamus from which pituitary gland hangs

Question 46

circulating hormones are mostly takes up and degraded by the ____ and _____

Answer 46

liver kidneys

Question 47

which hormone does not stimulates the release of another hormone by its target cell

Answer 47

PRL

Question 48

what is not an endocrine organ

Answer 48

spleen

Question 49

hormone aka vasopressin

Answer 49

adh

Question 50

negative feedback inhibition occurs when

Answer 50

TH targets the anterior

Question 51

which is synthesizes in the rough ER

Answer 51

glucagon

Question 52

endocrine system characteristics

Answer 52

communicates by means of hormones released hormones into the bloodstream for general distrubution sometimes has very general effects reacts more slowly to stimuli may continue responding long after stimulus stops

Question 53

nervous system characteristics

Answer 53

communicated by means of electrical impulses released neurotransmitters at synapses usually has relatively local specific effects reacts quickly stimuli stops quickly when stimulus stops