Ch 23

Question 1

_____ means excessive dry mouth

Answer 1

Xerostomia

Question 2

____ is the process by which body uses food

Answer 2

Nutrition

Question 3

______ is a condition resulting from lack of proper nutrition with diet

Answer 3

Malnutrition

Question 4

_____ is a chemical and physical process in which body cells break down and utilize food, water and other chemicals needed to maintain life and function of each body system

Answer 4

Metabolism

Question 5

____ “breaking” down where the body reduces complex substances into simpler substances

Answer 5

Catabolism

Question 6

_____ is when the body uses components to build or reconstruct new components or tissue

Answer 6

Anabolism

Question 7

Dietary guidelines for Americans 2015-2020
1. Protein foods such as seafood, lean meats, poultry, eggs, legumes, nuts, seeds, soy, and oils

Limit saturated and trans fats

Answer 7

Know

Question 8

____ is the process by which food is broken down in the gi tract, begins in the mouth

Answer 8

Digestion

Question 9

____ is moving food from the esophagus to the stomach, small intestines, large intestine, and rectum

Answer 9

Peristalsis

Question 10

____ is the process by which nutrients are taken from end products of digestion villi

Answer 10

Absorption

Question 11

The 6 essential nutrients are 
1. Protein
2. Carbs
3. Fats 
These three are energy ^^

4. Water
5. Vitamins
6. Minerals
   ^^^ essential for body function

Answer 11

Know

Question 12

_____ builds, repairs, and maintains body tissue and is the main function.

Answer 12

Protein.

Question 13

A gram of protein contains ____ kcals of the daily protein diet

Answer 13

4

Question 14

Functions of _____

1. New tissue production
2. Formation of antibodies, enzymes, and hormones
3. Necessary components for heat and energy production
4. Component to assist in maintaining fluid balance between cells and bloodstream
5. Maintaining acid base balance

Answer 14

Know

Question 15

____ is a phase when it’s only needed under stress or illness

Answer 15

Conditional

Question 16

_____ protein has to come from the 9 food sources.

Answer 16

Essential proteins

Question 17

_____ proteins are food they contains all 9 essential amino acids (red meat)

Answer 17

Complete proteins

Question 18

____ is the only veggie complete protein

Answer 18

Soy

Question 19

____ protein come from plant sources and does not have all essential amino acids

Answer 19

Incomplete proteins

Question 20

Severe protein deficiency typically after weined from breast feeding is called ____

Answer 20

Kwashikor

Question 21

Excess protein can play a role in ____ disease

Answer 21

Kidney disease

Question 22

____ has added hydrogen and makes the product last longer on the shelf (processed and fast foods) increases the bad cholesterol

Answer 22

Trans fat

Question 23

What increases the bad cholesterol

Answer 23

Trans fat

Question 24

_______ is corn coil, and it decreases ones risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (good fats)

Answer 24

Polyunsaturated

Question 25

_____ _____ are from animal sources and they are not good for you.

Answer 25

Saturated fats

Question 26

____ help us lower our blood levels of bad cholesterol. LDL (liquid at room temp and it’s solid at cold)

Answer 26

Mono saturated

Question 27

____ is the good cholesterol

Answer 27

HDL

Question 28

____ is the bad cholesterol

Answer 28

LDL

Question 29

LDL range is

Answer 29

130-159

Question 30

HDL range is ________ an it’s ok for it to be a bit higher

Answer 30

40-60mg

Question 31

____\___ is the most concentrated source of energy

Answer 31

Fats/lipids

Question 32

Fats/lipids provide ____ kcal per gram

Answer 32

9

Question 33

Protein is 10-35% Fat is 25-35% And carbs is 45-65%

Answer 33

Know

Question 34

___ makes us feel fuller longer

Answer 34

Fat

Question 35

____ is the feeling of fullness, content

Answer 35

Satiety

Question 36

____ is the cholesterol that takes cholesterol back to the liver from the cells

Answer 36

HDL

Question 37

___ is the cholesterol that transports cholesterol to the cells from the liver

Answer 37

LDL

Question 38

____ is the fat that is stored in the body but also found in food.

Answer 38

Triglycerides

Question 39

High levels of ____ contribute to coronary artery disease and metabolic syndrome

Answer 39

Triglycerides

Question 40

____ is a carb that is the primary energy

Answer 40

Glucose

Question 41

______ carbs are the glucose and fructose that rapidly rise the blood glucose

Answer 41

Simple carbs

Question 42

____ carbs is what we need more of and it takes it longer to digest

Answer 42

Complex carbs

Question 43

____ is the primary energy source

Answer 43

Carbs

Question 44

____ functions to reduced to glucose, salivary amylase, Burns stored fat and causes weight gain and obesity

Answer 44

Carbs

Question 45

_____ fiber is digested and attracts water making one feel full longer

Answer 45

Soluble

Question 46

____ fiber is not digested and acts like a bull laxative you need 25-35g daily

Answer 46

Insoluble

Question 47

____ stabilizes blood glucose level

Answer 47

Fiber

Question 48

___ decreases LDL and reduces risk of coronary artery disease Promotes normal bowel movement, increases absorption of minerals

Answer 48

Fiber

Question 49

It is important to consume adequate amounts of ___________ through your diet or supplements because your body cannot make this. And it is a critical component of normal functioning

Answer 49

Water soluble vitamin.

Question 50

Fat soluble vitamins are

Answer 50

A, d, e, k

Question 51

_____ also called thymine is whole grains, water soluble( promotes function of nerve conduction. Typically given to alcoholics

Answer 51

B1 thymine

Question 52

___ is the disease of vitamin b1 thymine when there is a deficiency.

Answer 52

Beriberi

Question 53

List the three antioxidants

Answer 53

A C E

Question 54

______ prevents disease such as cancer.

Answer 54

AC,&E

Question 55

Vitamin ____ is fat soluble and helps with blood clotting. Green leafy veggies made by intentional flora

Answer 55

K

Question 56

Vitamin ____ is also riboflavin. Green leafy veggies and deficiency results in cracks in the mouth and magenta colored tongue and light destroys this.

Answer 56

Vitamin b2

Question 57

Vitamin ____ is fat soluble. Retinol, promotes night vision and pretty skin

Answer 57

Vitamin a

Question 58

Vitamin ___ is fat soluble and is the sun shine vitamin. Helps with strong bones and teeth needed to absorb calcium to

Answer 58

D

Question 59

Lack of vitamin ___ forms ricketts in children and bone softening and deformities in adults

Answer 59

D

Question 60

Vitamin ____ also called niacin can be given to lower cholesterol through meat milk and fish.

Answer 60

B3

Question 61

Vitamin ___ niacins deficiency disease is called pellagra, dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death

Answer 61

B3

Question 62

Vitamin ___ niacin is for healthy eyes hair and skin

Answer 62

B3

Question 63

Also called ascorbic acid. Citrus fruits, antioxidants and wound healing, teeth and gums healthy

Answer 63

Vitamin c

Question 64

The deficiency disease is scurvy and causes bleeding gums and anemia what vitamin is this

Answer 64

Vitamin c

Question 65

When you have renal and congestive heart failure ____ is typically restricted

Answer 65

Water

Question 66

____ what mineral is the structural component of bone and cell membrane

Answer 66

Phosphorous

Question 67

_____ is a mineral needed for proper growth and immune system

Answer 67

Zinc

Question 68

____ can be consumed from cantaloupe sweet potatoes bananas helping with proper nerve conduction and maintains the BP level to much of this can stop your heart

Answer 68

Potassium (K)

Question 69

____ causes muscle weakness and cramping it’s the disease caused from low potassium

Answer 69

Hypokalemia

Question 70

____ is important to maintain cardiac rhythm and is helpful for neuromuscular activity

Answer 70

Magnesium

Question 71

___ is needed for good hgb

Answer 71

Iron

Question 72

____ promotes thyroid function and can be from salt water seafood and helps with metabolism

Answer 72

Iodine