Ch. 4 Pathology and Precedures

Question 1

Achalasia

Answer 1

Inability to relax the smooth muscles of the GI tract, usually associated with the esophagus

Question 2

Anastomosis

Answer 2

Surgical connection between two tubes

Question 3

Anorexia

Answer 3

Lack of appetite

Question 4

Biopsy

Answer 4

Removal of tissue for microscopic evaluation

Question 5

Body Condition Score (BCS)

Answer 5

A method to access an animal’s weight based on outward appearance, given a score between 1-9

Question 6

Borborygmus

Answer 6

Rumbling noises caused by the movement of gas or fluid through the GI tract

Question 7

Cachexia

Answer 7

General ill health and malnutrition (caused by underlying pathology)

Question 8

Carcinoma

Answer 8

Malignant tumor arising from epithelial tissue

Question 9

Cirrhosis

Answer 9

Degenerative disease where the liver cells are replaced with scare tissue

Question 10

Colic

Answer 10

Acute abdominal pain

Question 11

Constipation

Answer 11

Difficulty passing feces

Question 12

Coprophagia

Answer 12

Ingestion of feces

Question 13

Diarrhea

Answer 13

Rapid movement of feces through Gi tract; loose, watery stool

Question 14

Emaciation

Answer 14

Marked wasting or excessive leanness (caused by malnutrition and starvation)

Question 15

Emesis

Answer 15

Vomiting; forcible expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth

Question 16

Emetic

Answer 16

Substance given to produce vomiting

Question 17

Etiology

Answer 17

Study of the cause of disease

Question 18

Foreign Body

Answer 18

Material which finds its way into organs and tissues

Question 19

Gastric Dilatation

Answer 19

Abnormal condition in which the stomach fills with air and expands

Question 20

Gastric Dilatation Volvulus

Answer 20

Abnormal condition in which the stomach fills with air, expands, and then twists on itself

Question 21

Gavage

Answer 21

Forced feeding or irrigation through a tube passed into the stomach

Question 22

Hematochezia

Answer 22

Bright, red fresh blood from the rectum

Question 23

Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis

Answer 23

Acute condition in dogs causing vomiting and bloody diarrhea leading to dehydration, heart failure, and eventually death

Question 24

Idiopathic

Answer 24

When the cause of disease is neither known nor understood

Question 25

Ileus

Answer 25

Failure of peristalsis with obstruction of the intestines

Question 26

Inappetence

Answer 26

Lack of appetite

Question 27

Incontinence

Answer 27

Inability to control excretory function (defecation or urination)

Question 28

Intussusception

Answer 28

Telescoping of the intestines

Question 29

Jaundice

Answer 29

Yellowish-orange coloration of the skin and mucus membranes due to excessive bilirubin in the blood (icterus)

Question 30

Lethargy

Answer 30

Condition of drowsiness or indifference

Question 31

Malabsorption

Answer 31

Impaired absorption of nutrients in the duodenum

Question 32

Maldigestion

Answer 32

Inability to digest food due to lack of digestive enzymes (exocrine pancreatic insuffiency)

Question 33

Malaise

Answer 33

A vague feeling of bodily discomfort

Question 34

Megaesophagus

Answer 34

Enlargement of the esophagus

Question 35

Megacolon

Answer 35

Enlargement of the colon

Question 36

Melena

Answer 36

Black tarry stole; blood in feces

Question 37

Nasogastric Intubation

Answer 37

Placement of a tube from the nose to the stomach

Question 38

Nausea

Answer 38

Upset stomach and a tendency to vomit

Question 39

Obese

Answer 39

Excessive fat accumulation in the body

Question 40

Obstipation

Answer 40

Inability to eliminate

Question 41

Obstruction

Answer 41

Complete stoppage or impairment of passage

Question 42

Palpation

Answer 42

Method of examining the internal body by touching and feeling

Question 43

Parenteral

Answer 43

Route of administration other than oral

Question 44

Pica

Answer 44

Eating or licking abnormal substances, a depraved diet

Question 45

Scours

Answer 45

Diarrhea in livestock

Question 46

Shunt

Answer 46

To bypass or divert

Question 47

Spasm

Answer 47

Sudden, involuntary contraction

Question 48

Stasis

Answer 48

Stopping or controlling

Question 49

Steatorrhea

Answer 49

Fat in feces

Question 50

Stenosis

Answer 50

Tightening, narrowing, or stricture

Question 51

Stoma

Answer 51

An incised opening that is kept open for drainage and other purposes

Question 52

Torsion

Answer 52

Axial twist, twisting along the long axis of the gut

Question 53

Trichobezoar

Answer 53

Hairball

Question 54

Ulcer

Answer 54

Erosion of the skin and mucous membranes

Question 55

Ultrasound

Answer 55

Diagnostic technique using ultrasound waves to produce an image of an organ or a tissue

Question 56

Volvulus

Answer 56

Twisting on itself