Ch. 46 Bowel elimination

Question 1

what may affect bowels

Answer 1

• surgery
• immobility
• medications
• therapeutics diets

Question 2

Mouth

Answer 2

digestion begins with mastication

Question 3

esophagus

Answer 3

peristalsis moves food into the stomach

Question 4

stomach

Answer 4

stores food, mixes food, liquid and digestive juices; moves food into small intestine

Question 5

small intestine

Answer 5

• segmentation and peristaltic movement facilitate both digestion and absorption
• 3 sections: duadenum, jejunum, and the ileum
• duodenum and jejunum absorb most of the nutrients and electrolytes

Question 6

Large intestine

Answer 6

-the primary organ for bowel elimination
-3 sections: cecum, colon, rectum
3 functions:
+absorption
+secretion
+elimination

Question 7

anus

Answer 7

expels feces and flatus from rectum

Question 8

defecation

Answer 8

distention in rectum causes relaxation of internal sphincter and awareness of need to defecate

Question 9

factors affecting bowel eliminiation

Answer 9

-physical activity=promotes peristalsis
-emotional stress accelerates digestive process, peristalsis is increase-diarrhea (colitis & crohns disease)
-depression can slow peristalsis
-personal habits
-position of defecation
-pain
-pregnancy (slows down due to position of fetus)
-medications,laxativs, cathartics
-diagnostic tests
+colonoscopy, sigmoidscopy, endoscopy

Question 10

common bowel elimination

Answer 10

• constipation
• fecal impaction
• diarrhea: excessive loss of colonic fluid
• incontinence: inability to control passage of feces and gas
• flatulence: accumulated gas in the intestines, causing wall to stretch
• hemmorrhoids: dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum

Question 11

bowel diversions

Answer 11

stoma- temporary or permanent artifical opening in the abdominal wall

• ileostomy
• colostomy

Question 12

loop colostomy

Answer 12

temporary in the transverse colon

Question 13

end colostomy

Answer 13

proximal end forms stoma, distal end is removed or sewn closed

Question 14

double-barrell colostomy

Answer 14

bowel is surgically cut and both ends are brought through the abdomen

Question 15

ilteoanal pouch anastomosis

Answer 15

pouch is resservoir for wastes which are eleminated from the anus

Question 16

kock continent ileostomy

Answer 16

small intestines form a pouch which is emptied several times a day

Question 17

macedo-malone antegrade continence enema

Answer 17

a procedure developed for client who has neuropathic or structural abnormality of anus