Ch 62: Stomach

Question 1

The______ is the acute angle formed on the lesser curvature
that marks the boundary between the body and the antrum.

Answer 1

The incisura angularis is the acute angle formed on the lesser curvature
that marks the boundary between the body and the antrum.

Question 2

The____, which produce hydrochloric acid, and the
________, which produce pepsin precursors, are located in
the fundus and the body.

Answer 2

The parietal cells, which produce hydrochloric acid, and the
chief cells, which produce pepsin precursors, are located in
the fundus and the body.

Question 3

. The ____ is the distal one-third of
the stomach and contains gastrin-producing cells but no acidsecreting cells.

Answer 3

. The antrum is the distal one-third of
the stomach and contains gastrin-producing cells but no acidsecreting cells.

Question 4

The _____
portion of the duodenum passes to the left between the superior mesenteric vessels and the inferior vena cava and aorta.

Answer 4

The third or horizontal
portion of the duodenum passes to the left between the superior mesenteric vessels and the inferior vena cava and aorta.

Question 5

The fourth or the ascending portion of the duodenum ascends
on the left side of the aorta to the level of L-2 and the _______, where it turns abruptly ventrally to form the
duodenal–jejunal fl exure.

Answer 5

The fourth or the ascending portion of the duodenum ascends
on the left side of the aorta to the level of L-2 and the ligament of Treitz, where it turns abruptly ventrally to form the
duodenal–jejunal fl exure.

Question 6

The stomach is generally divided into anatomic regions, including the
_______

Answer 6

The stomach is generally divided into anatomic regions, including the
gastric cardia (the region surrounding the superior opening of the stomach where
it connects with the GE junction/level of the lower esophageal sphincter), the
fundus (situated superiorly, a rounded portion superior to the body and to the left
of the cardia), the body (a large, central portion of the stomach), and the pyloric
canal (distally, connecting to the duodenum).

Question 7

In view of the increasing incidence of gastric
cancer at the GE junction, it is important to note that there is either ________covering at the most proximal portion of the GE
junction.

Answer 7

In view of the increasing incidence of gastric
cancer at the GE junction, it is important to note that there is either no or
variable visceral peritoneal covering at the most proximal portion of the GE
junction.

Question 8

The hepatogastric ligament or lesser omentum is attached to the lesser curvature
and contains the _____

Answer 8

The hepatogastric ligament or lesser omentum is attached to the lesser curvature
and contains the left gastric artery and the right gastric branch of the hepatic
artery

Question 9

The celiac
artery usually has three branches: _________

Answer 9

The celiac
artery usually has three branches: the left gastric artery, which supplies the upper
right portion of the stomach; the common hepatic artery, which gives rise to the
right gastric artery supplying the lower right portion of the stomach and the right
gastroepiploic branch supplying the lower portion of the greater curvature; and
the splenic artery, which gives rise to the left gastroepiploic supplying the upper
portion of the greater curvature and the short gastric arteries supplying the
fundus

Question 10

. The celiac axis
originates at or below the pedicle of -___ in approximately 75% of patients and at
or above the pedicle of___ in 25% of patients

Answer 10

. The celiac axis
originates at or below the pedicle of T12 in approximately 75% of patients and at
or above the pedicle of L1 in 25% of patients