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Medical Terminology > Ch.10 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ch.10 Deck (99)
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0
Q

Fibr/o

A

Fiber, fibrous tissue

1
Q

Fasci/o

A

Band, fascia. (Fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)

2
Q

Leiomy/o

A

Smooth muscle (visceral)

3
Q

Lumb/o

A

Loins (lower back)

4
Q

Muscul/o

My/o

A

Muscle

5
Q

Ten/o

Tend/o

Tendin/o

A

Tendon

6
Q

-algia

A

Pain

7
Q

-asthenia

A

Weakness, debility

8
Q

-pathy

A

Disease

9
Q

-plegia

A

Paralysis

10
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Suture

11
Q

-sarcoma

A

Malignant tumor of connective tissue

12
Q

-tomy

A

Incision

13
Q

Flexion

Extension

A

Bending and extension of a limb

14
Q

Abduction

Adduction

A

Movement away from and toward the body.

15
Q

Rotation

A

Circular movement around an axis

16
Q

Pronation

Supination

A

Turning hand to a palm down or a palm up position.

17
Q

Dorsiflexion

Plantar flexion

A

Bending the foot or toes upward or downward

18
Q

Eversion

Inversion

A

Moving sole of the foot outward or inward.

19
Q

Carp/o

A

Carpus (wrist bones)

20
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck; cervix uteri (neck or uterus)

21
Q

Cost/o

A

Ribs

22
Q

Crani/o

A

Cranium (skull)

23
Q

Humer/o

A

Humerus (upper arm bone)

24
Q

Metacarp/o

A

Metacarpus (hand bones)

25
Q

Phalang/o

A

Phalanges (fingers and toes)

26
Q

Spondyl/o

Vertebr/o

A

Vertabra (backbone)

27
Q

Stern/o

A

Sternum (breastbone)

28
Q

Calcane/o

A

Calcaneum (heel bone)

29
Q

Femor/o

A

Femur (thigh bone)

30
Q

Fibul/o

A

Fibula (smaller outer bone of lower leg)

31
Q

Patell/o

A

Patella (kneecap)

32
Q

Pelv/i

Pelv/o

A

Pelvis

33
Q

Radi/o

A

Radiation, X-ray; radius (lower arm bone, thumb side)

34
Q

Tibi/o

A

Tibia (larger bone of lower leg)

35
Q

Ankyl/o

A

Stiffness; bent, crooked

36
Q

Arthr/o

A

Joint

37
Q

Chondr/o

A

Cartilage

38
Q

Lamin/o

A

Lamina (part of vertebral arch)

39
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow; spinal cord

40
Q

Orth/o

A

Straight

41
Q

Oste/o

A

Bone

42
Q

-clasia

A

To break

43
Q

-clast

A

To break

44
Q

-cyte

A

Cell

45
Q

-desis

A

Binding, fixation of a bone or joint

46
Q

-malacia

A

Softening

47
Q

-physis

A

Growth

48
Q

-porosis

A

Porous

49
Q

AE

A

Above Elbow

50
Q

HNP

A

Herniated nucleus pulposus (herniated disk)

51
Q

IM

A

Intramuscular

52
Q

AK

A

Above the knee

53
Q

L1, L2, L3 to L5

A

First lumbar vertebrae, second lumbar vertebrae, so on.

54
Q

AP

A

Anteroposterior

55
Q

MG

A

Myasthenia gravis

56
Q

BE

A

Below the elbow

57
Q

BK

A

Below knee

58
Q

RA

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

59
Q

C1, C2 to C7

A

First cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, so on

60
Q

S1, S2, to S5

A

First sacral vertebra, second, and so on.

61
Q

CT

A

Computed tomography

62
Q

THR

A

Total hip replacement

63
Q

CTS

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

64
Q

T1, T2, to T12

A

First thoracic vertebra, second thoracic vertebra, so on

65
Q

Fx

A

Fracture

66
Q

TKR

A

Total knee replacement

67
Q

HD

A

Hemodialysis; hip disarticulation; hearing distance

68
Q

Muscular Dystrophy

A

Group of hereditary diseases characterized by gradual atrophy and weakness of muscle tissue.

69
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by severe muscular weakness and progressive failure.

70
Q

Rotator cuff injuries

A

Injuries to the capsule of the shoulder joint, which is reinforced by muscles and tendons; also called musculotendinous rotator cuff injuries.

71
Q

Sprain

A

Trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability.

72
Q

Strain

A

Trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch.

73
Q

Talipes equinovarus

A

Congenital deformity of the foot; also called clubfoot.

74
Q

Tendinitis

A

Inflammation of tendon, usually caused by injury or overuse; also called tendonitis

75
Q

Torticollis

A

Spasmodic contraction of neck muscles, causing stiffness and twisting of the neck; also called wryneck

76
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A

Pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which flexor tendons and median nerve pass)

77
Q

Contracture

A

Fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint.

78
Q

Crepitation

A

Grating sound made by movement of bone ends rubbing together indicating a fracture or joint destruction.

79
Q

Ewing sarcoma

A

Malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow, usually in long bones or the pelvis

80
Q

Gout

A

Hereditary metabolic disease that is a form of acute arthritis, characterized by excessive uric acid in the blood and around the joints.

81
Q

Herniated disk

A

Herniation or rupture of the nucleus pulposus (center gelatinous material within an intervertebral disk) between two vertebrae; also called prolapsed disk.

82
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Decrease in bone density with an increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fractures.

83
Q

Pager disease

A

Skeletal disease affecting elderly people that causes chronic inflammation of bones and bowing of long bones; also called osteitis deformans

84
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Chronic, systematic inflammatory disease affecting the synovial membranes of multiple joints, eventually resulting in crippling deformities.

85
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial or complete dislocation.

86
Q

Sequestrum

A

Fragment of a necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue.

87
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin that first affects the spine and is characterized by fusion and loss of mobility of two or more vertebrae; also called rheumatoid spondylitis

88
Q

Kyphosis

A

Increased curvature of the thoracic region of the vertebral column, leading to a humpback posture; also called hunchback

89
Q

Lordosis

A

Forward curvature of lumbar region of the vertebral column, leading to a swayback posture.

90
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal sideward curvature of the spine to the left or right.

91
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one below it, most commonly the fifth lumbar vertebra over the first sacral vertebra; also called spinal cord compression.

92
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

Puncture of a joint space with a needle to remove fluid

93
Q

Rheumatoid factor

A

Blood test to detect the presence of rheumatoid factor, a substance present in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

94
Q

Arthroplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction or replacement of a painful, degenerated joint to restore mobility in rheumatoid or osteoarthritis or to correct congenital deformity.

95
Q

Sequestrectomy

A

Excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone)

96
Q

Bone reabsorption inhibitors

A

Agents that reduce the reabsorption of bone in the treatment of weak and fragile bones as seen in osteoporosis and pager disease

97
Q

Gold salts

A

Agents that treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity within the immune system by preventing further disease progression.

98
Q

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)

A

Drugs that relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation in treatment of musculoskeletal conditions such as sprains and strains, and inflammatory disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, bursitis, gout, and tendinitis.