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SMS415 > ch.10 Information and Decision support systems > Flashcards

ch.10 Information and Decision support systems Flashcards

1
Q

Decision Making phase- 3 stages

A
  • Intelligence
  • Decision
  • Choice
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2
Q

Intelligence stage

A

Stage 1

-identify and define potential problems/opportunities

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3
Q

Decision stage

A

Stage 2

  • develop alternative solutions
  • evaluate the feasibility
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4
Q

Choice stage

A

selecting course of action

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5
Q

Problem solving

A
  • goes beyond decision making

- include implementation stage

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6
Q

Implementation stage

A

solution put in to effect

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7
Q

Monitoring stage

A

decision makers evaluate the implementation (feedback and adjustment)

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8
Q

Programmed Decisions

A

decision made using:

  • rule,
  • procedure,
  • quantitative method
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9
Q

non-programmed decision

A

unusual or exceptional situations

- unique characteristics that standard rules or procedures may not work

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10
Q

FINDING A SOLUTION

A
  • Optimization model
  • satisficing Model
  • Heuristics
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11
Q

Optimization Model

A

Finds the best solution

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12
Q

Satisficing Model

A

Will find a good solution- but NOT BEST solution- it simply satisfies the problem

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13
Q

Heuristics Model

A

Commonly accepted guidelines + procedures usually find a good solution-
-RULE OF THUMB

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14
Q

Performace to benefits

A

Increased performance has POSiTIVE IMPACT on benefits

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15
Q

Cost to benefits

A

Increased cost has NEGATIVE IMPACT on benefits

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16
Q

Types of reports (5)

1. S
2. K
3. D
4. E
    5. DD
A
  • Scheduled report
  • Key Indicator report
  • demand report
  • exception report
  • Drill down report
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17
Q

Scheduled report

A

Produced regularly– daily- weekly- monthly, etc…

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18
Q

Key Indicator report

A

Summary of the days critical activities

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19
Q

Demand report

A

Produced on demand, when info requested

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20
Q

Exception report

A

Automatically produced when something unusual or out of ordinary occurs + requires mgmt attention

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21
Q

Drill down report

A

Provides increasingly detailed data about situation

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22
Q

MIS

A

Management Information System

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23
Q

Financial MIS

A

financial info for executives and broader set of ppl that need to make better decisions

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24
Q

Profit centre

A

Department within org focused on generating profits

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25
Q

revenue Centre

A

Division of org that generates sales/revenue

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26
Q

Cost centres

A

Departments in org that do not directly generate revenue

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27
Q

Auditing

A

Ananlyzing financial conditions to determine if fin. stmt and reports are accurate

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28
Q

Internal auditing

A

done by individuals WITHING the company

29
Q

External auditing

A

Done by individuals OUTSIDE the company

30
Q

Economic order quantity (EOQ)

A

Quantity that should be re-ordered to minimize total inventory costs

31
Q

Re-order point (ROP)

A

critical inventory quantity level

32
Q

Material Requirements Planning (MRP)

A

Set of imventory control techniques

-help co-ordinate thousands of inventory items when demand for one item depends on demand for another

33
Q

Just in time Inventory (JIT)

A

inventory/materials DELIVERED just before they are needed

34
Q

cOMPUTER ASSISTED MANUFACTURING (CAM)

A

Directly controls manufacturing equipment

35
Q

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

A

Computers link components of production process in to effective system

36
Q

Flexible Manufacturing system (FMS)

A

Allows manufactruing facilities to quickly and efficiently change from making one product to anohter

37
Q

Quality control

A

Ensures finsihed product meets customer needs

38
Q

Marketing MIS

A

information system that supports managerial activities of product development, distribution, pricing decisions, promo effectiveness, sales forecasting

39
Q

Human resources MIS (hrmis)

A

Concerned with activities related to previous, current, potential employees of or– alos called prsonnel MIS

40
Q

Geographic Information system, (GIS)

A

computer system capable of assembling , storing, manipulating, displaying, geographic information– data identified by its lcoation

41
Q

decision support system (dss)

A

organized collection of ppl. procedures, software, databases. devices used to help make decisions.

42
Q

Ad hoc DSS

A

Deals with situations/decisions that come up only a few times in life of org

43
Q

Support for various problem structures:

  • Highly structured problems
  • Semi structured/unstructured
A
  • Highly structured problems: straightyforwasrd, require known facts ad relationship
  • Semi structured/Unstructured: more complex problems, relationships among the pieces of data not always clear, data might be in variety of formats, and often difficult to manipulate or obtain.
44
Q

Dialogue manager

A

user interface that allows decision makers to easily access and manipulate DSS and use common business terms and phrases

45
Q

Data driven DSS

A

Primarily performs qualitative analysis based on companys database

46
Q

Model base

A

provides decision makers access to variety of models adn aissts them in decision making

47
Q

Model driven DSS

A

Primarily perfoms mathematical or qualitative analysis

48
Q

Model management software (MMS)

A

Coordinates the use of models in DSS

49
Q

Group support systems (GSS )

A

sw application that consists of most elements in DSS + SW to provide effectiove support in group decision making

50
Q

Decision making support

A
  • Delphi approach
  • brainstorming
  • Group concensus approach
  • nominal group technique
51
Q

Delphi approach

A

Group decision makers geographically dispersed

-encourages diversity, fosters creativity and original thinking

52
Q

Brainstorming

A

members offer ideas “ off the top of their heads”

53
Q

Group Concensus approachj

A

forces member to reach unanimous decision

54
Q

Nominal group technique

A

-feedback from group members, final decision made by voting

55
Q

Group think

A

members of a group might assume they have made the right decision without examining alternatives

56
Q

Parallel commication

A

can speed meeting times and result in better decisions

57
Q

Unified communication

A

ties together and integrates various communications systems, incl traditional phones, cellphones, email, text, internet.

58
Q

GSS software

A

helps with joiny work groip scheduling, communication, mgmt

-Often called “ groupware” or “workgroup software”

59
Q

Shared electronic calendar

A

used to coordinate meetings and schedules for decision making team

60
Q

GSS Alternatives

A

-Decision room

Virtual groups

61
Q

DECISION ROOM

A

room that supports decision making with the decision makers in same building, combining face to face verbal interaction with technology to make the meeting more effective and efficient.

62
Q

lOCAL AREA DECISION

A

group members located in the same building or geographoc area and group deision making is frequent

63
Q

tELECONFERENCING

A

used when decision freq. low,

-location of group members distant.

64
Q

wIDE ARE DECISION NETWORK

A

decision freq. high,
○ but location of group members distnat,
○ allows ppl to work in Virtual groups.

65
Q

Virtual groups

A

teams of ppl located around the world working on common problems

66
Q

Executive support system (ESS)

A

specialized DSS that incl all hardware, SW, data, procedures, and ppl used to assist senior level executives.

67
Q

Strategic planning

A

determining long term objectives by analyzing strengths and weaknesses of organization, predicting future trends, projecting the development of new product lines

68
Q

Decision Making as a component of problem solving

(5 STAGES TOTAL-3 DECISION, 2 PROBLEM

A
  • Decision making stages:
    1. Intelligence
    2. Decision
    3. Choice
  • Problem solving stages:
    4. Implementation
    5. Monitoring
69
Q

Decision Making as a component of problem solving (DETAIL)

A

Decision making stages:

  1. Intelligence -IDENTIFY/DEFINE
  2. Decision- ALTERNATIVES/FEASABILITY
  3. Choice - ACTION
    - Problem solving stages:
  4. Implementation- EFFECT
  5. Monitoring -EVALUATE IMPLEMENTATION

SMS415 (8 decks)

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