Ch.14 - Acoelomate Animals

Question 1

what is an acoelomate?

Answer 1

no body cavity surrounding gut

Question 2

what phylum do not have a gut?

Answer 2

protista, porifera, cnidaria

Question 3

what is a pseudocoelomate?

Answer 3

body cavity not entirely lined with mesoderm

Question 4

what is an example of a pseudocoelomate?

Answer 4

roundworms

Question 5

what’s a eucoelomate?

Answer 5

body cavity entirely lined with mesoderm

Question 6

what are 2 examples of eucoelomates?

Answer 6

earthworms and arthropoda

Question 7

what are the 3 germ layers?

Answer 7

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 8

what is it called when something has all 3 germ layers?

Answer 8

triploblastic

Question 9

what phyla are diploblastic?

Answer 9

cnidaria and ctenophora

Question 10

In a ladder-like nervous system, paired anterior ganglia = _______

Answer 10

primitive brain -> aka CNS

Question 11

In a ladder-like nervous system, paired lateral nerve cords = _______

Answer 11

peripheral nervous system

Question 12

how is the acoelomate body plan flattened?

Answer 12

dorsoventrally

Question 13

what does monoecious mean?

Answer 13

one individual with both sexes

Question 14

how do flatworms move?

Answer 14

ventral cilia on slime track and muscle waves

Question 15

what is in the common name of class turbellaria?

Answer 15

planaria

Question 16

what classes are in the phylum platyhelminthes?

Answer 16

turbellaria, trematoda, cestoda

Question 17

what are auricles?

Answer 17

ears

Question 18

what are ocelli?

Answer 18

eyes

Question 19

what is the common name for class trematoda?

Answer 19

parasitic flukes

Question 20

what human liver fluke adult lives in the live bile duct and eggs shed with feces?

Answer 20

clonorchis

Question 21

what is miracidium?

Answer 21

egg eaten by snail, hatch into ciliated larva

Question 22

how is redia produced?

Answer 22

when miracidium enters snail tissue and becomes sporocyst

Question 23

what do redia produce (asexual reproduction)?

Answer 23

tailed cercariae

Question 24

what do cercariae do?

Answer 24

leave snail and burrow into fish muscle

Question 25

what is the primary/definitive host of clonorchis?

Answer 25

humans

Question 26

what is the first secondary/intermediate host of clonorchis?

Answer 26

snail

Question 27

what is the second secondary/intermediate host of clonorchis?

Answer 27

fish

Question 28

what are the symptoms of clonorchis?

Answer 28

if infection heavy -> cirrhosis of liver general -> nausea, fatigue, diarrhea

Question 29

how do you prevent clonorchis?

Answer 29

cook fish and control snails

Question 30

what is the common name of the class cestoda?

Answer 30

parasitic tapeworms

Question 31

Class cestoda do not have what systems?

Answer 31

digestive or respiratory systems

Question 32

what is scolex?

Answer 32

organ of attachment (suckers, hooks)

Question 33

how do terminal proglottids with eggs of the beef tapeworm shed off body?

Answer 33

from intestine with feces

Question 34

what is eaten by cattle?

Answer 34

beef tapeworm

Question 35

what are the symptoms of beef tapeworm?

Answer 35

usually none; diarrhea, weight loss

Question 36

what is the life cycle of planaria?

Answer 36

cross fertilization -> cocoon -> freeliving flatworm

Question 37

what is the life cycle of the human liver fluke?

Answer 37

eggs -> human feces -> miracidium -> redia -> cercaria -> burrow into fish -> encyst in flesh -> eaten by human -> human liver bile duct

Question 38

what is the life cycle of beef tapeworms?

Answer 38

proglottid -> human feces -> eggs -> eaten by cattle -> intestine -> blood -> encyst in muscles -> eaten by human -> human intestine

Question 39

Is the class turbellaria parasitic?

Answer 39

no

Question 40

is the class trematoda parasitic?

Answer 40

yes

Question 41

is the class cestoda parasitic?

Answer 41

yes