CH14EYEabnormalities Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in CH14EYEabnormalities Deck (29)
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1
Q

strabismus

A

disparity of the eye axis is also termed tropia and is likely cause by ambluopia

2
Q

estropia

A

is inward turning of the eye

3
Q

extropia

A

is outward turning of theyes

4
Q

phoria

A

mild weakness apparent only with the cover test and less likely to cause amblyopia than tropia bust still possible

5
Q

esphoria

A

nasal (inward) drift

6
Q

exophoria

A

temporal (outward) drift

7
Q

if eye will not turn ___, ____, ____ and ____ it indicated a dysfunction of cranial nerve III

A

straight nasal, up and nasal, up and temporal, down and temporal

8
Q

if eye will not turn ____ and ____ it indicated a dysfunction of cranial nerve IV

A

straight temporal and down and nasal

9
Q

periobital edema

A

lids are swollen and puffy, lids tissues are loosely connected so excess fluid is easily apparent, this occurs with local infections, crying, and systemic conditions such as HF and hypothyroidism

10
Q

exophthalmos (protruding eyes)

A

forward displacement of the eyeballs and widened palpebral fissure, note lid lag. bilateral exophthalmos is associated with thyrotoxicosis

11
Q

enophthalmos (sunken eyes)

A

bilateral enophthalmos is cause by fat loss, dehydration and wasting .

12
Q

ptosis

A

occurs from neuromuscular weakness, oculomotor CN III damage, or sympathetic nerve damage (e.g. horner syndrome or it can be congenital. it can impair vision

13
Q

upward palperbral slant

A

although normal in may children, when combine with epicanthal folds, hypertelorism (large space between eyes) and brushfield spots (light-colored areas on the outer iris), it indicates down syndrome

14
Q

ectropoin

A

lower lid is loose and rolling out, puncta can not siphon tears effectively thus excess tearing results. it occurs in aging as a result of atrophy of elastic and fibrious tissue but may result from trauma

15
Q

entropion

A

lower lid rolls in because of spams of lids or scar tissue contracting. constant rubbing of lashes may irritate cornea. The person feels a “foreign body sensation”

16
Q

blepharitis (inflammation of the eye)

A

red scaly greasy flakes and thickened, crusted lid margin a occurs with staph infection or seborrheic dermatitis of the lid. symptoms include burning, itching, tearing foreign body sensation and some paine

17
Q

chalazion

A

is a beady nodule protruding on the lid, is an infection retention cyst of a meibomian gland

18
Q

what is the meibomian gland

A

are a special kind of sebaceous gland at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate

19
Q

hardeolum (stye)

A

acute localize staph in infection of the hair follicles at the lid margin
is painful red and swollen
rubbing of eyes can cross contaminate and infect other eye

20
Q

dacryocystitis (inflammation of the lacrimal sac)

A

pain worth and redness occur
tearing is present
pressure on the sac yields purulent discharge form puncta

21
Q

dacryoadenitis

A

in infection of the lacrimal gland

occurs with mumps measles and infection mono or from trauma

22
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

is most often on lower lids and presents as a small painless nodule with central ulceration and sharp, rolled out pearly edges. it occurs in older adults and is associated with uv exposure. it is locally invasive but mtastisis is rare

23
Q

anisocori

A

unequal pupil size
occurs normally in 5% of population
although consider cns disease

24
Q

mydriasis

A

fixed and dilated pupils
occurs with stimulation of the cns, reaction to sympathomimetic drugs, use of dilating drugs, acute glaucoma, trauma, cns injury, circulatory arrest or deep anesthesia

25
Q

argyll robertson pupil

A

no reaction to light
small and irregular bilaterally
occurs with cns system syphilis, brain tumor, meningitis, and chronic alcoholism,

26
Q

tonic pupil (adies’s pupil)

A

reaction to light and accommodation is sluggish. tonic pupil is usually unilateral and large regular pupil that does not react, but sluggish after a latent time. No pathologic signifcance

27
Q

horner syndrome

A

unilateral small regular pupil that DOES react to light and accommodation
occurs with horner syndrome a lesion of the sympathetic nerve.
also not absence of sweat on same side

28
Q

CN III damage

A

unilateral dilated pupil with no reaction to light or accommodation and occurs with oculomotor never damage
ptosis with eye deviating down and laterally may be present

29
Q

monocular blindness

A

when light is directed to the blind eye, no response occurs in either eye. when light is directed to the normal eye both pupils constrict as long as oculomotor nerve is intact