Virus
A)Alive
B)Dead
Dead because it lacks many properties associated with being alive
What is a bacteriophage
A virus that invade bacteria and takes it over by injecting it’s own DNA inside causing it to stop manufacturing bacteria and manufacture more bacteriophage until there is so many the bacteria explodes leaving the bacteriophage to infect more
Steps in lytic cycle?
1)
2)
3)
1) Infection
2) Growth
3) Replication
What does Infection do in the lytic cycle?
Virus is activated by chance contact with host cell, virus injects host with it’s DNA, virus particle never actually enters cell
What does Growth do in the lytic cycle?
Cell can not tell the difference between virus DNA and it’s own DNA, so it ends up making messenger RNA out of the virus’s DNA rather then it’s own. It also causes the bacteria to make enzymes that kill it’s own DNA and does not harm the virus’s DNA
What kingdom do virus’s belong?
They do not belong to any of the five kingdoms but their own
Diseases caused by virus’s
E.Coli, Herpes, Chicken Pox, Shingles, Influenza
Differences between Cyanobacteria and Bacteria?
Cyanobacteria is photosynthetic, called blue-green algae, membranes that react to light
Shapes of bacteria
Rod, Sphere, Spiral
Binary Fission?
Where the bacteria doubles everything in its body and then divides into two
Conjugation?
One bacteria, the donor bacteria, injects the other with its DNA
Spore Formation?
The bacteria encloses itself until the environment is more ideal
Types of bacteria reproduction?
Binary fission
Conjugation
Spore formation
What feature allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions?
A cell wall protects the bacteria in harsh conditions
What is an Autotroph?
An organism that is able to use a source of energy to produce its food from inorganic materials
What is an Heterotroph?
Organism that cannot produce its own food but obtains its energy from the food it eats
What is an Phototrophic autotroph?
Uses light to produce its own food
Heterotrophic autotroph?
An organism that eats others of its kind
Facultative anaerobes?
Organisms that can survive with or with out oxygen
Obligate anaerobes?
Organisms that can live only in the absence of oxygen
Obligate aerobe?
Organisms that require a constant supply of oxygen to live
How do bacteria effect sewage treatment?
They eat the waste in the waste water
What is nitrogen fixation
Where nitrogen gas is converted into a compound like NH3
Nitrogen fixing bacteria
Where bacteria takes nitrogen gas and converts it into something plants can use
Pathogen
A disease causing microorganism