Ch.17 Viruses & Bacteria Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch.17 Viruses & Bacteria Deck (25)
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1
Q

Virus
A)Alive
B)Dead

A

Dead because it lacks many properties associated with being alive

2
Q

What is a bacteriophage

A

A virus that invade bacteria and takes it over by injecting it’s own DNA inside causing it to stop manufacturing bacteria and manufacture more bacteriophage until there is so many the bacteria explodes leaving the bacteriophage to infect more

3
Q

Steps in lytic cycle?
1)
2)
3)

A

1) Infection
2) Growth
3) Replication

4
Q

What does Infection do in the lytic cycle?

A

Virus is activated by chance contact with host cell, virus injects host with it’s DNA, virus particle never actually enters cell

5
Q

What does Growth do in the lytic cycle?

A

Cell can not tell the difference between virus DNA and it’s own DNA, so it ends up making messenger RNA out of the virus’s DNA rather then it’s own. It also causes the bacteria to make enzymes that kill it’s own DNA and does not harm the virus’s DNA

6
Q

What kingdom do virus’s belong?

A

They do not belong to any of the five kingdoms but their own

7
Q

Diseases caused by virus’s

A

E.Coli, Herpes, Chicken Pox, Shingles, Influenza

8
Q

Differences between Cyanobacteria and Bacteria?

A

Cyanobacteria is photosynthetic, called blue-green algae, membranes that react to light

9
Q

Shapes of bacteria

A

Rod, Sphere, Spiral

10
Q

Binary Fission?

A

Where the bacteria doubles everything in its body and then divides into two

11
Q

Conjugation?

A

One bacteria, the donor bacteria, injects the other with its DNA

12
Q

Spore Formation?

A

The bacteria encloses itself until the environment is more ideal

13
Q

Types of bacteria reproduction?

A

Binary fission
Conjugation
Spore formation

14
Q

What feature allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions?

A

A cell wall protects the bacteria in harsh conditions

15
Q

What is an Autotroph?

A

An organism that is able to use a source of energy to produce its food from inorganic materials

16
Q

What is an Heterotroph?

A

Organism that cannot produce its own food but obtains its energy from the food it eats

17
Q

What is an Phototrophic autotroph?

A

Uses light to produce its own food

18
Q

Heterotrophic autotroph?

A

An organism that eats others of its kind

19
Q

Facultative anaerobes?

A

Organisms that can survive with or with out oxygen

20
Q

Obligate anaerobes?

A

Organisms that can live only in the absence of oxygen

21
Q

Obligate aerobe?

A

Organisms that require a constant supply of oxygen to live

22
Q

How do bacteria effect sewage treatment?

A

They eat the waste in the waste water

23
Q

What is nitrogen fixation

A

Where nitrogen gas is converted into a compound like NH3

24
Q

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

A

Where bacteria takes nitrogen gas and converts it into something plants can use

25
Q

Pathogen

A

A disease causing microorganism