Ch3 Body Structures in Health and Disease Flashcards
(144 cards)
1
Q
aden/o
A
gland
2
Q
blast/o
A
immature cell
3
Q
cyt/o
A
cell
4
Q
fibr/o
A
fiber
5
Q
gluc/o, glyc/o
A
glucose, sugar
6
Q
hem/o, hemat/o
A
blood
7
Q
hist/o
A
tissue
8
Q
hydr/o
A
water, watery fluid
9
Q
lei/o
A
smooth
10
Q
lip/o
A
fat
11
Q
morph/o
A
form, shape
12
Q
my/o, myos/o
A
muscle
13
Q
necr/o
A
death
14
Q
neur/o
A
nerve
15
Q
nucle/o
A
nucleus
16
Q
oste/o
A
bone
17
Q
path/o
A
disease
18
Q
sarc/o
A
flesh
19
Q
troph/o
A
nourishment
20
Q
viscer/o
A
internal organs
21
Q
-cyte
A
cell
22
Q
-oma
A
tumor
23
Q
-osis
A
abnormal condition
24
Q
-pathy
A
disease
25
-plasia
formation (especially of cells), growth
26
-stasis
stopping, standing still
27
body system
group of organs with related functions; organ system
28
cell
smallest independent unit of a living structure
29
chromosome
structure in the cell nucleus that carries information in the form of genes
30
cytoplasm
substance of a cell excluding the nucleus
31
gene
sequence of DNA on a chromosome that determines heredity
32
nucleus
central structure in a cell that contains chromosomes
33
cytology
study of cells
34
histology
study of cells and tissues
35
homeostasis
state of equilibrium
36
metabolism
sum of the normal chemical and physical changes occurring in tissue
37
organ
grouping of two or more tissues that are integrated to perform a specific function
38
organ system
group of organs with related functions; body system
39
somatic
pertaining to the body
40
systemic
pertaining to the body as a whole
41
tissue
grouping of similar cells that perform a specific function
42
visceral
pertaining to the internal organs
43
acute
referring to a disease of sudden onset and brief course
44
chronic
referring to a persistent disease or illness
45
etiology
study of the cause of disease
46
exacerbation
an increase in the severity of a disease or symptoms
47
hyperplasia
excessive growth of tissue
48
idiopathic
related to a disease of unknown cause
49
inflammation
localized physical changes in tissue characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling, in response to an injury
50
lesion
a pathologic change in tissue resulting from a wound or injury
51
necrosis
pathologic death of cells or tissue
52
pathogen
any virus, microorganism, or other substance that causes disease
53
remission
lessening severity of disease symptoms
54
abdomin/o
abdomen
55
acr/o
extremity, tip
56
brachi/o
arm
57
cervic/o
neck
58
lumb/o
lumbar region, lower back
59
ped/o, pod/o
foot
60
pelv/i
pelvis
61
thorac/o
thorax, chest
62
abdomen (abdominal region)
the section of the trunk between the pelvis and chest
63
cranium
skull
64
diaphragm
muscle between the abdominal and thoracic cavities
65
extremity
limb
66
pelvis
area of the pelvis below (inferior to) the abdomen
67
thorax
chest; upper part of the trunk
68
abdominal cavity
space within the abdomen occupied by the digestive and other organs
69
cranial cavity
space within the skull occupied by the brain
70
pelvic cavity
space within the pelvis occupied by certain reproductive, urinary, and digestive organs
71
spinal cavity (vertebral canal)
space within the vertebrae occupied by the spinal cord
72
thoracic cavity
space within the chest occupied by the lungs, heart, and other organs
73
abdominopelvic regions
nine specific anatomic areas of the abdominopelvic cavity
74
epigastric region
abdominal region above (superior to) the umbilical region
75
hypochondriac region (left and right)
abdominal regions to the left and right of the epigastric region
76
hypogastric region
abdominal region below (inferior to) the umbilical region; also called the suprapubic region
77
iliac region (left and right)
abdominal regions to the left and right of the hypogastric region
78
lumbar region (left and right)
abdominal regions to the left and right of the umbilical region
79
umbilical region
central abdominal region
80
abdominopelvic quadrants
four divisions of the abdominopelvic cavity: left upper quadrant (LUQ), left lower quadrant (LLQ), right upper quadrant (RUQ), and right lower quadrant (RLQ)
81
caudal
tail
82
cephal/o
head
83
dorsal
back
84
inferior
below
85
medi/o
middle
86
antero-
front
87
circum-
around
88
epi-
on, following
89
infra-
below, beneath
90
inter-
between
91
intra-
within
92
latero-
side
93
peri-
around, surrounding
94
postero-
back
95
proximo-
near point of origin
96
retro-
backward, behind
97
sub-
below, beneath
98
super-
above
99
supra-
above
100
ventro-
belly
101
cephalad
toward the head
102
caudad
toward the tail
103
superior
above or upward
104
inferior
below or downward
105
anterior
toward the front of the body
106
posterior
toward the back of the body
107
ventral
pertaining to the belly, front
108
dorsal
pertaining to the back
109
lateral
pertaining to the side
110
medial
pertaining to the middle
111
unilateral
pertaining to one side only
112
bilateral
pertaining to both sides
113
proximal
closest to the trunk or attachment point
114
distal
away from the trunk or attachment point
115
superficial
near the surface
116
deep
away from the surface
117
anteroposterior
from the front (anterior) to the back (posterior)
118
anatomic position
body in standard reference position: standing erect, arms at the sides, palms facing forward
119
decubitus
lying down
120
dorsal recumbent
lying on back with legs bent and feet flat
121
fowler position
lying on back with head of bed raised 45 degrees
122
semirecumbent
synonymous with fowler position
123
lateral recumbent
lying on the side
124
prone
lying face down
125
supine
lying face up
126
plane
an imaginary surface that extends through two definite points
127
frontal plane
vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior halves
128
coronal plane
synonymous with frontal plane
129
sagittal plane
vertical plane dividing the body into left and right halves
130
transverse plane
horizontal plane dividing the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves
131
chlor/o
green
132
chrom/o
color
133
cyan/o
blue
134
erythr/o
red
135
leuk/o
white
136
melan/o
black, dark
137
xanth/o
yellow
138
chloroma
abnormal mass of green cells
139
chromaturia
abnormal coloration of urine
140
cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin and other tissues
141
erythrocyte
red blood cell
142
leukocyte
white blood cell
143
melanoma
tumor characterized by dark appearance
144
