Ch4 Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
integumentary system
A
includes the skin and its accessory structures
2
Q
epidermis
A
outer layer of skin; waterproof layer that functions as protection and contains melanocytes that secrete melanin
3
Q
dermis
A
deep layer of skin that contains the sweat and oil glands; also contains tiny muscles attached to the hair follicles
4
Q
subcutaneous layer
A
layer of loose connective tissue that connects the skin to the surface muscles; contains the blood vessels and fat; also called the hypodermis
5
Q
adipocytes
A
fat cells that make up most of the subcutaneous layer
6
Q
arrector pili muscles
A
tiny muscles that attach to the hair follicle
7
Q
hair
A
keratinized fibers that arise from hair follicles
8
Q
hair follicle
A
area from which hair grows; located in the dermis
9
Q
keratin
A
protein found in hair and nails that promotes hardness
10
Q
keratinocytes
A
cells found in the epidermal layer of the skin that secrete keratin and assist in waterproofing the body
11
Q
melanocytes
A
cells that give color to the skin, eyes, and hair by secreting the pigment melanin; located in the dermis
12
Q
nail
A
translucent plate made of keratin that covers and protects the ends of fingers and toes
13
Q
sebaceous glands
A
glands that secrete oil (sebum) into the hair follicles and onto the dermis
14
Q
sebum
A
oily secretion of the sebaceous gland
15
Q
sudoriferous glands
A
glands that secrete sweat and assist in body temperature regulation
16
Q
adip/o
A
fat
17
Q
cry/o
A
cold
18
Q
cyan/o
A
blue
19
Q
derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o
A
skin
20
Q
electr/o
A
electric, electricity
21
Q
erythr/o
A
red
22
Q
hidr/o
A
sweat
23
Q
kerat/o
A
hard
24
Q
lip/o
A
fat
25
melan/o
dark, black
26
myc/o
fungus
27
necr/o
death
28
onych/o
nail
29
pachy/o
thick
30
py/o
pus
31
rhytid/o
wrinkle
32
scler/o
hard
33
seb/o
sebum (oily secretion)
34
trich/o
hair
35
xanth/o
yellow
36
xer/o
dry
37
a-, an-
without, not
38
bio-
life
39
epi-
on, following
40
intra-
within
41
para-
beside
42
per-
through
43
sub-
below, beneath
44
trans-
across, through
45
-cide
substance that kills
46
-derma
skin
47
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
48
-genic
originating, producing
49
-itis
inflammation
50
-logist
one who specializes in
51
-logy
study of
52
-malacia
softening
53
-pathy
disease
54
-phagia
eating
55
-plasia
formation, growth
56
-plasty
surgical repair, reconstruction
57
-rrhea
flowing, discharge
58
-tome
cutting instrument
59
adipose
fat, fatty
60
atypical
unusual
61
circumscribed
contained to a specific area
62
cyanosis
blue discoloration of the skin and other tissues
63
diaphoresis
profuse sweating
64
dysplasia
abnormal growth of tissue
65
erythematous
condition of being red
66
eschar
blackened area of burned tissue
67
exfoliation
shedding of dead skin cells
68
hyperplasia
excessive growth of tissue
69
indurated
pertaining to an area of hardened tissue
70
integumentary
pertaining to the skin and accessory structures
71
pallor
abnormally pale skin coloration
72
pruritic
pertaining to an itch
73
purulent
containing pus
74
sebaceous
pertaining to sebum
75
sudoriferous
pertaining to sweat
76
turgor
state of turgidity (fullness) of cells due to fluid absorption
77
abrasion
injury resulting in removal or disturbance of the superficial layer of skin
78
abscess
a circumscribed collection of pus caused by a bacterial infection
79
acne
inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles marked by papules (pimples) and pustules (pimples with pus)
80
albinism
a group of inherited disorders with deficiency of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes
81
burn
injury to the skin cause by heat or other means
82
superficial burn
a burn involving only the epidermis; causes redness and swelling but no blisters (e.g. most sunburns); commonly called first-degree burn
83
partial-thickness burn
a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis; usually involves blisters; commonly called a second-degree burn
84
full-thickness burn
a burn involving destruction of the entire skin; extends into subcutaneous fat, muscle, and/or bone and often causes severe scarring; commonly called a third-degree burn
85
carbuncle
collection of large localized abscesses usually arising in hair follicles and typically infected with staphylococcus bacteria
86
cellulitis
inflammation of the subcutaneous connective tissue
87
cicatrix
the fibrous tissue replacing normal tissues destroyed by disease or injury, commonly called a scar
88
comedo
a plug of sebum in the hair follicle that becomes darkened; commonly called a blackhead
89
contusion
injury producing discoloration and swelling without causing a break in the skin; commonly called a bruise
90
cyst
a closed sac that contains liquid or semisolid materila
91
decubitus ulcer
a pressure sore of the skin and underlying tissues; commonly called a bedsore
92
dermatome
area of skin supplied by peripheral nerves
93
eczema
inflammatory condition causing patchy redness, scales, blisters, itchiness, and burning
94
excoriation
a scratch mark on the skin
95
fissure
a deep furrow, cleft, slit, or tear in the skin
96
furuncle
infection of a hair follicle, commonly called a boil
97
gangrene
area of necrosis (tissue death) due to lack of blood flow
98
herpes simplex
an eruption of blisters on the skin caused by a local infection of the herpes virus; known as cold sores when they appear on the lips
99
herpes zoster
an infection caused by the herpesvirus (varicella-zoster virus) characterized by an eruption of blisters that follows the course of affected peripheral nerves (dermatomes); commonly called shingles
100
impetigo
a contagious bacterial skin infection typically occurring on the face in children
101
jaundice
abnormal yellowing of the skin caused by bile accumulation
102
keloid
an overgrowth of scar tissue
103
lesion
a pathologic change in tissue resulting from disease or injury
104
macula
a small, flat discolored spot on the skin
105
nevus
a birthmark or mole on the skin, especially one that is raised and red colored
106
nodule
solid raised area located in any area of the skin
107
papule
a small, raised, solid circumscribed area of the skin
108
paronychia
inflammation and infection around the nail due to bacteria or fungi
109
pediculous
an infestation of lice
110
psoriasis
skin condition marked by red, itchy scaly patches primarily on the scalp, knees, elbows, and trunk
111
pustule
a small circumscribed elevation of the skin containing pus
112
rosacea
chronic disorder of the skin causing erythematous (red areas), papules, pustules, and increased sebum production; usually occurs on the face
113
scabies
skin disease with eruptions and itching caused by mites
114
tinea
fungal infection of the hair, skin, and nails; commonly called ringworm
115
tinea capitis
fungal infection of the scalp
116
tinea pedis
fungal infection of the feet; commonly called athlete's foot
117
urticaria
an eruption of itchy round, red welts (wheals) usually related to an allergy; commonly called hives
118
varicella
an acute contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus and producing various skin eruptions; commonly known as chickenpox
119
verruca
contagious and sometimes painful wart commonly caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV)
120
vesicle
a clear, fluid-filled, raised lesion; commonly called a blister
121
vitiligo
areas of the skin that do not have melanocytes, appearing as white patches on otherwise normal skin
122
wheal
a raised reddish lesion that often changes size and shape and extends into adjacent areas; usually associated with an allergen
123
xanthoderma
any yellow coloration of the skin
124
biopsy (Bx)
process of removing tissue from living patients for microscopic examination
125
culture and sensitivity (C&S)
growing of an organism from a specimen from the body to determine its susceptibility to particular medications
126
frozen section (FS)
a thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen used for rapid microscopic diagnosis
127
scratch test
type of allergy test in which an antigen (foreign substance) is applied through a scratch in the skin
128
tuberculosis skin test; Mantoux test, purified protein derivative, PPD test
an intradermal test to determine whether a patient has tuberculosis or has been exposed to the disease
129
cauterization
the use of heat, cold, electric current, or caustic chemicals to destroy tissues
130
cryosurgery
the use of freezing temperatures to destroy tissues
131
debridement
the removal of any necrotic skin or foreign matter from a wound
132
dermabrasion
the removal of acne scars from the skin with sandpaper, rotating brushes, or other abrasive materials
133
dermatoautoplasty; autograft
skin grafting using the patient's own skin
134
dermatoheteroplasty, xenograft
skin grafting using skin from another species
135
dermatome
instrument used for cutting thin slices of skin for grafting or excising small lesions
136
dermatoplasty
surgical repair of the skin
137
electrodessication and curettage (ED&C)
burning off of skin growths using electrical currents
138
excision
the act of cutting out
139
incision
the act of cutting into (surgically)
140
incision and drainage (I&D)
a sterile cut into the skin to release fluid
141
irrigation
washing out an area with fluid
142
rhytidectomy
surgical removal of wrinkles
143
rhytidoplasty
surgical repair of wrinkles
144
suture
to unite two surfaces by sewing
145
antifungal
drug used to kill fungi
146
antiinfective
drug used to decrease or remove infection
147
antiinflammatory
drug used to decrease inflammation
148
antipruritic
drug used to relieve itching
149
intralesional injection
injection of medication into a lesion or scar
150
liquid nitrogen
nitrogen in a liquid state used in cryosurgery to remove a verruca or other lesion
151
pediculicide
medication used to kill lice
152
scabicide
medication used to kill mites associated with scabies
153
steroid
class of organic drug used to treat many inflammatory conditions
154
dermatology
a medical specialty focusing on the study of skin and treatment of skin disorders
155
dermatologist
physician who specializes in dermatology
156
medical aesthetician
licensed professional specializing in skin care, especially facial skincare
157
Bx
biopsy
158
C&S
culture and sensitivity
159
ED&C
electrodessication and curettage
160
FS
frozen section
161
I&D
incision and drainage
162
PPD
purified protein derivative of tuberculin
