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Medical Terminology > Chap 12 Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chap 12 Respiratory System Flashcards

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1
Q
  • Alveolus

Pl.: alveoli

A

Air sac in the lung

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2
Q
  • Apex of the lung
A

Tip or uppermost portion of the lung

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3
Q

Base of the lung

A

The lower portion of the lung

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4
Q

Bronchioles

A

The smallest branches of the bronchi

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5
Q

Bronchus

Pl.: Bronchi

A

The branch of the trachea ( windpipe) that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube

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6
Q
  • Carbon dioxide (Co2)
A

Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled through the lungs

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7
Q
  • Cilia
A

Thin hairs attached to mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract.

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8
Q
  • Diaphragm
A

Muscle separating the chest and abdomen; contract to pull air into lungs; relaxes to push air out

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9
Q

Epiglottis

A

Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx; keeps food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing .

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10
Q

Expiration

A

Breathing out (exhalation)

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11
Q

Glottis

A

Slit-like opening to the larynx

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12
Q
  • Hilum (of lung)
A

Midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs

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13
Q
  • Inspiration
A

Breathing in ( inhalation)

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14
Q
  • Larynx
A

Voice box; contains the vocal cords

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15
Q
  • Lobe
A

Division of a lung

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16
Q
  • Mediastinum
A

The region between lungs in the chest cavity; contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

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17
Q
  • Nares
A

Openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavity

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18
Q

Oxygen ( O2)

A

Gas that makes up 21% of air; passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells

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19
Q

Palatine tonsil

A

One of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx

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20
Q

Paranasal sinus

A

One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose

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21
Q

Parietal pleura

A

Outer fold of pheura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall

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22
Q

Pharynx

A

The throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

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23
Q

Pleura

A

Double-folded membrane surrounding each lung

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24
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Space between the folds of the pleura

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25
Pulmonary parenchyma
Essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli
26
Respiration
The process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing.
27
Trachea
Windpipe
28
Visceral pleura
Inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue
29
Adenoid/o
Adenoids
30
alveol/o
Alveolus, air sac
31
Bronch/o
Bronchial tube
32
Bronchi/o
bronchus
33
bronchiol/o
Bronchiole , small bronchus
34
capn/o
Carbon dioxide
35
Coni/o
Dust
36
cyan/o
Blue
37
epiglott/o
Epiglottis
38
Laryng/o
Larynx, voice box
39
lob/o
Lobe of the lung
40
* Adenoids
Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils
41
Mediastin/o
Mediastinum Trung that, vach
42
nas/o
Nose
43
orth/o
Straight, upright
44
o/xo
Oxygen
45
pector/o
Chest
46
pharyng/o
Pharynx, throat
47
phon/o
Voice
48
phren/o
Diaphragm
49
pleur/o
Pleura
50
pneum/o
Air, lung
51
pneumon/o
Lung
52
pulmon/o
Lung
53
rhin/o
Nose
54
sinus/o
Sinus cavity
55
spir/o
Breathing
56
tel/o
Complete
57
Thorac/o
Chest
58
tonsill/o
Tonsils
59
trache/o
Trachea, windpipe
60
-ema
Condition
61
-osmia
Smell
62
-pnea
Breathing
63
-ptysis
Spitting
64
-sphyxia
Pulse
65
-thorax
Pleural cavity, chest
66
External respiration:
Exchange of air in lung capillaries - Oxygen inhaled into the air sacs of the lungs. - Immediately passes into capillaries. - Carbon dioxide passes from capillaries into the air sacs, to be exhaled.
67
Internal respiration
Exchange of gases in the cells. - Occurs simultaneously b/w cells and capillaries. - Oxygen passes out of the bloodstream into the tissues. - Carbon dioxide passes out of tissues back into the bloodstream to travel to the lungs.
68
* Conduct air :
- Nose - Nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. - Pharynx - Larynx - Trachea
69
* Exchange gases
- Bronchioles - Alveoli - Lung capillaries
70
Auscultation
Su nghe benh
71
Percussion
Su go ( chan doan benh)
72
Pleural rub
Co xac
73
Rale (crackle)
Tieng tho k binh thuong
74
Rhonchus
Ran ngay
75
Sputum
Nuoc bot, dom, dai
76
Stridor
Tieng tho kho khe
77
Wheeze
Tho kho khe
78
Upper respiratory disorders: 1. Croup 2. Diphtheria 3. Epistaxis 4. Pertussis
1. Benh bach hau thanh quan: acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor. 2. Benh bach hau 3. Su chay mau cam : nosebleed 4. Chung ho lau ngay : whooping cough
79
Bronchial tube disorders: 1. Asthma 2. Bronchiectasis 3. Chronic bronchitis 4. Cystic fibrosis
1. Benh hen, suyen 2. Chung dan phe quan 3. Viem phoi mang tinh 4. Xo nang
80
* Atelectasis
Xep phoi Collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli.
81
* Emphysema
Thieu dan hoi va bi lung thanh tui khi Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls.
82
* Lung cancer
Ung thu phoi
83
* Pneumoconiosis
Ho di ung do hit phai nhieu bui
84
* Pneumonia
Viem tui khi cap tinh (alveoli)
85
* Pulmonary abscess
Ap-xe phoi ( mu, viem)
86
* Pulmonary edema
Phoi u nuoc
87
* Pulmonary embolism (PE)
Nghen mach phoi
88
* Pulmonary fibrosis
Chung xo hoa phoi
89
* Sarcoidosis
Co nhieu khoi u nho
90
* Tuberculosis (TB)
Benh lao phoi Infection disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; lung usually are involved, but any organ in the body may be affected.
91
* Atelectasis:
- Two forms - Proximal obstruction of distal airways. - Accumulations of fluid, blood, or air in the pleural cavity.
92
Pleural disorders: 1. Mesothelioma 2. Pleural effusion 3. Pleurisy (pleuritis) 4. Pneumonthorax
1. U trung bieu mo 2. Tran dich mang phoi 3. Viem mang phoi 4. Chung tran khi nguc
93
* Pneumonthorax
Air gathers in the pleural cavity.
94
* Anthracosis
Benh nhiem bui than phoi
95
* Asbestosis
Benh bui amiang
96
Bacilli
Khuan hinh que, truc khuan Rod-shaped bacteria
97
* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Benh nghen mach phoi man tinh
98
* Cor pulmonale
Tam phe ( tac nghen tuan hoan phoi) Failure of the right heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the lungs b/c of underlying lung disease.
99
* Exudate
Chat ro ri, tiet dich
100
* Hydrothorax
Collection of fluid in the pleural cavity.
101
* Infiltrate (v)
Collection of fluid or other material within the lung.
102
* Palliative
Tam thoi lam diu, giam dau Relieving symptoms, but not curing the disease. Noncurative and includes: antibiotics, mucolytics, bronchodilators, respiratory therapy, and surgical resection if other therapies are not effective.
103
* Paroxysmal
Bat ngo, boc phat
104
* Pulmonary infarction
Area of necrosis ( death of lung tissue)
105
* Purulent
Co mu, chay mu Containing pus
106
* Silicosis
Benh bui silica or glass trong phoi
107
Nuclear tests: 1. PET scan: 2. Ventilation- perfusion (V/Q) scan:
1. Positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the lung | 2. Inhalation of radioactive gas for imaging, followed by injection of different radioactive material for imaging.
108
* Bronchoscopy
Soi phe quan Fiberoptic or rigid endoscope inserted into the bronchial tubes for diagnosis, biopsy, or collection of secretions
109
Endotracheal intubation
Placement of tube from mouth to trachea to establish airway.
110
* Laryngoscopy
Soi thanh quan
111
* Lung biopsy
Lay mo trong phoi coi wa kinh hien vi
112
* Mediastinoscopy
Noi soi trung that
113
* Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
Kiem tra chuc nang phoi Measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs
114
* Thoracentesis
Hut dich phoi Surgical puncture to remove fluid from pleural space
115
* Thoracotomy
Mo nguc Large surgical incision of the chest It necessary for lung biopsies and resection (lobectomy and pneumonectomy)
116
* Thorascopy
Mo noi soi nguc Can diagnose and treat conditions of the lung, pleura, and mediastinum.
117
* Tracheostomy
Mo khi quan Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck.
118
* Tuberculin test
Thu lao phoi
119
* Tube thoracostomy
Mo nguc (= luong ong)

Medical Terminology (27 decks)

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