what is chemistry concerned with
chemistry is concerned with the properties of chemicals and with the changes they can undergo
what is any substance that has a defined composition
chemical
what is the process by which one or more substances change to produce on or more different substances
chemical reactions
what are the three states of matter
solid, liquid, gas
what is the difference between microscopic and macroscopic
macro= what u see with unaided eye whereas micro=what you would see if you could see individual atoms
which type of matter has a fixed volume and shape
solid
gasses has what?
no fixed volume or shape
liquids have what?
set volume but varying shape
what are physical changes?
changes in which the identity of a substance doesn’t change however the arrangement, location, and speed of the particles may change
what are chemical changes?
when identity of substance change and new substances form
what is the substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction
reactant
what is the substance formed in a chemical reaction
product
what are the four evidences of chemical changes
evolution of gas
formation of precipitate
release or absorption of energy
color change in the reaction system
what is anything that hass mass and takes up space
matter
what is the measure of the size of a body or region in 3D space
volume
how do u calculate volume of liquid
use graduated cylinder
how to fine volume of a solid
length x width x height
how do u find volume of gas
volume of container it is in
what is mass
measure of amount of matter in an object
what device is used to measure mass
balance
what is weight
measure of gravitational force exerted on an object; it can change with location of object in universe
what is something that has magnitude, size, or amount
quantity
a quantity adopted as a standard of measurements
unit
how do scientists globally measure something
in SI units (see book)
what is the ratio that is derived from the equality of two different units and that can be used to convert one unit to the other
conversion factor
what is a physical PROPERTY
a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change such as density, color, or hardness
how do u write and solve for density
D= (m/v) which will equal (for example: 2.70 g/cm to the third power)
what is the water displacement method
used to fine density, place object in water filled graduated cylinder and see how water rises, then measure mass then do m/v
what is a property of matter that describes a substance’s ability to participate in chemical reactions
chemical property
all matter is composed of how many atoms
110 different kinds
what is an atom
the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
what is a pure substance
a sample of matter; either a single element or a single compound that has definite chemical and physical properties
what are the 2 pure substances
element and compound
what is monatomic gas and give example
gasses that exists in individual atoms…. Helium
molecule is what
smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance; it can consist of one atom or two or more atoms bonded together
what are two forms of oxygen
ozone gas and oxygen gas
what is a substances made of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical benefits
compounds
how are compounds represented
in formulas (h2o)
structural formula does what
shows how atoms are connected
ball and stick model shows what
realistic distance shown between molecules and angles between them
hat is a space filling model for
attempts to represent the actual size of atom instead of just its relative position
a mixture is what
a combo of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
what is an example of a mixture
sugar in water
what describes something that has uniform structure or composition throughout
homogenous
composed of dissimilar components
heterogenous
give examples of heterogenous
chocolate chip cookie, granite, salad
give examples of homogenous
iced tea, maple syrup