Chapter 1 Flashcards
the science of the structure of living organisms
Anatomy
the science of the functioning of living organisms
Physiology
specialized structured in a cell that perform specific metabolic functions
Organelle
the basic biological unit of living organisms, containing a nucleus and a variety of organelles enclosed by a limiting membrane
Cell
a group of similar cells specialized to perform a specific function; primary tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues
Tissue
a part of the body formed of two or more tissues that performs a specialized function
Organ
a group of organs that work together to perform a vital body function; e.g., nervous system
Organ System
an individual living thing
Organism
the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body
Metabolism
a state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body
Homeostasis
feedback that causes the stimulus to decline or end
Negative-Feedback Mechanisms
- a peripheral nerve ending specialized for response to particular types of stimuli, 2
Receptor
receives information about certain surroundings and other ideas
Control Center
an organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve endings
Effector
feedback that tends to cause a variable to change in the same direction as the initial change; enhances the stimulus
Positive-Feedback Mechanism