Chapter 1 Flashcards
(31 cards)
1
Q
Basic characteristics of science
A
- description
- prediction
- control
2
Q
Description
A
- a characteristic of science
- collection of facts about observed events that can be quantified, classified, and examined.
- often suggests possible hypothesis or questions for additional research
3
Q
Prediction
A
- a characteristic of science
- in the presence of one event another event occurs or fails to occur.
- correlation
4
Q
Control
A
- a scientific characteristic
- highest level of scientific understanding
- functional relation
5
Q
Dependent variable
A
- effect
- produced when the independent variable (cause) is manipulated
6
Q
Independent variable
A
- cause
- when manipulates it changes the dependent variable (effect)
7
Q
Attitudes of science
A
- determinism
- empiricism
- experimentation
- replication
- Parsimony
- Philosophic doubt
8
Q
Determinism
A
- attitude of science
- an assumption that science is predicted
- universe is lawful
- all phenomena occurs as a result of other events
9
Q
Empiricism
A
- attitude of science
- objectivity
- thoroughly described scientific method
10
Q
Experimentation
A
- attitude of science
- dependent and independent variable
- the basic strategy of most sciences
11
Q
Replication
A
- attitude of science
- repetition of experimentation
12
Q
Parsimony
A
- attitudes of science
- logical explanation
- least amount of assumptions
13
Q
Philosophical doubt
A
- attitude of science
- continuously questioning truthfulness
14
Q
EAB
A
- experimental
- laboratory work
15
Q
ABA
A
- takes research and applies it to people
- improves behavior
16
Q
Radical behavior
A
- B.F. Skinner
- includes private and observable behavior
17
Q
Methodological
A
-rejects internal behaviors
18
Q
Mentalism
A
- circular reasoning
- one answer explains another answer
19
Q
B.F. Skinner
A
- respondent and operant
- S-R-S model
- believed in radical behavior
20
Q
Respondent
A
- reflexive
- involuntary
21
Q
Operant
A
- S-R-S model
- learned behaviors
22
Q
Dimensions of science
A
- Applied
- behavioral
- analytic
- technological
- conceptually systematic
- effective
- generality
23
Q
Applied
A
- dimension of science
- socially acceptable
24
Q
Behavioral
A
- dimension of science
- descriptive, defined, measurable
25
Analytic
- Dimension of science
| - experimental control of occurrences and non occurrences
26
Technological
- dimension of science
| - written and replicable
27
Conceptually systematic
- dimension of science
- based on principles of ABA
- based on research
28
Effective
- dimension of science
- significant improvements
- noticeable
29
Generality
- dimension of science
- behavior change that lasts over time
- applies to other areas
30
Causal chain
- environmental
- inner condition/ thoughts
- class of behavior/ action
- environmental consequence
31
Inferences
- pseudo explanations
| - circular reasoning
