Chapter 1 Basic Entomology

Question 1

What are the 3 body sections of insects?

Answer 1

Head, thorax, abdomen

Question 2

What is complex metamorphosis

Answer 2

Egg, larva, pupa, adult

Question 3

What is simple metamorphosis?

Answer 3

Egg, nymph, adult.

Question 4

What is instar?

Answer 4

Period between each molt

Question 5

Characteristics of Mites:

Answer 5

Tiny, soft bodie, w/ two body regions. Thick waist, four pair of legs and no antenna

Question 6

Black widows and brown recluse are dangerous. Which one is NOT found in WA?

Answer 6

Brown recluse, though the hobo spider, (established in PNW), is mistaken for it.

Question 7

Are ticks considered parasites?

Answer 7

Yes! For both human and animals.

Question 8

IPM is called what?

Answer 8

Integrated Pest Management

Question 9

What controls are used when implementing IPM?

Answer 9

• physical
• cultural
• biological
• chemical
• mechanical
• genetic
• educational

Question 10

Explain the IF, WHERE, WHEN, WHICH of the IPM decision-making process.

Answer 10

IF treatments are necessary
WHERE treatments should occur
WHEN treatments are to take place
WHICH treatments to use

Question 11

American cockroaches identifying features are?

Answer 11

Light yellow or tan band around edge of shield behind head.

Males wings extend beyond tip of abdomen. Females do not.

Can fly but seldom do.

> 5/8th “

Question 12

Brown banded cockroaches identified by?

Answer 12

Light body, darker head with pale band at base of thorax. Bell shaped thorax.

Females much darker and wings shorter - not covering the abdomen.

< 5/8ths”

Question 13

Identifying German cockroaches be like…?

Answer 13

Two dark brown stripes behind the head.

<5/8ths”

Question 14

Oriental cockroaches identify:

Answer 14

Uniformly shiny, glossy dark brown to black as adult

Female has stubby wings, males wings cover 2/3 of abdomen

> 5/8ths “

Question 15

The five steps of IPM are?

Answer 15

1. Identify the pest to be managed
2. Define the management
3. Develop the pest management strategy
4. Develop reliable monitoring techniques
5. Use thresholds- Economic threshold & Economic injury level

Question 16

First step of IPM - Identify the pest entails what?

Answer 16

Ensure it’s a pest that needs to be treated.
Once identified you’re able to pick the best treatment. Knowing the biological info, knowing the life cycle and knowing when to treat and where to treat is important.

Question 17

The second step in IPM, define the management system includes?

Answer 17

It’s the specific area where pests must be at acceptable levels
Characteristic of plant and animal production system and movement patterns of pest helps to target treatments.

Question 18

The third step in IPM is? And what this means.

Answer 18

Develop the pest management strategy:
Coordinating the uses of multiple tactics into one single integrated system.
IPM is a management program. It helps identify the acceptable level of pests (see thresholds also).

Question 19

Reliable monitoring techniques is the fourth step of IPM and entails?

Answer 19

Continued gathering of info to develop long term success to keep the infestation below the economic threshold

Monitoring examples:
Measurements of population of pests
Resulting damage or loss
Weather conditions

Question 20

Fifth step in IPM is Thresholds and describes?

Answer 20

Economic threshold - level or control to keep pest infestation from reaching the economic injury level.
Economic Injury is when pest control meets or exceeds the cost of the control needed.

Question 21

Explain emulsifiable (Eac or E) concentrations

Answer 21

Liquid formulations are mixed in petroleum solvents to allow the pesticides to mix with water for spray application.

2-8 lbs of active ingredient per gallon of formulated product.

Usually forms milky or white

Question 22

What are solutions (S) formulation?

Answer 22

Formulations w/water soluble active ingredient, dissolved in one or more liquids.

Question 23

Soluble Powders (SP)

Answer 23

Dry, powered formulations
Contains 25 to 80% active ingredient that dissolves easily in water.
True solutions

Disadvantages- dust like creates greater risk to handler if inhaled

Some advantages- low cost, easier to store, transport. Lower phytotoxicity compared to ECs. Comes in packets that reduces risk when mixing product by handler.

Question 24

Wettable powders (WP)

Answer 24

Dry, fine formulations containing 25 to 80% active ingredient.

Does not mix with water and thus needs constant agitation to prevent it settling in tank. Also needs emulsifier mixed with clay or talc.

Hard on pump and tank, easily clogged screens and nozzles. Difficult to mix.

Question 25

Flowables (F)

Answer 25

Finely ground solid particles
Suspended in water, mixed with active ingredient.

Seldom clog nozzles and minimal agitation needs, lower risk of inhalation when mixing.

Question 26

Spray adjuvants are?

Answer 26

Added to pesticide to aid the effect or application of pesticides. Classified as pesticides in WA, but not at federal level.

Question 27

Surfactants:

Answer 27

Surface active agents, alters the dispersing or spreading of Wettable properties of spray droplets.

Helps spray droplets to evenly wet a surface.

Question 28

Pesticides can be ______?

Answer 28

Tank mixed, more often mixed by applicator on site.

Question 29

Incompatible is indicated how?

Answer 29

Separation of chemicals
Globules or clumps
Precipitates or gels

Question 30

Pesticides are:

A) solutions
B) emulsions
C) suspensions
D) all the above

Answer 30

D

Question 31

EPA can fine you how much for civil charges?

A) $7,500
B) $25,000
C) $5000
D) one year in prison

Answer 31

C - for each offense

Question 32

$25,000 or one year in prison for?

Answer 32

Criminal penalties for some violations of the law

Question 33

Washington state maximum civil penalty for violations of pesticides activity?

Answer 33

$7,500 each offense. Or denial, suspension or revocation of pesticide license.