Chapter 1 living Things Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 1 living Things Deck (26)
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1
Q

Orgasnisms

A

Living things

2
Q

Cell

A

Basic unit of structure and function in an organism

3
Q

Unicellular

A

Single celled organisms

4
Q

Multicellular

A

Organisms that are composed of many cells

5
Q

Metabolism

A

Combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials

6
Q

Stimulus

A

A change in an organisms surroundings that causes the organism to react

7
Q

Response

A

An organism reacts to a stimulus with an action or a change in behavior

8
Q

Development

A

The process of change that occurs during an organisms life, producing a more complex organism

9
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent

10
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

Involves two parents and combines their genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents

11
Q

Spontaneous generation

A

The mistaken idea that living things can arise from no living sources

12
Q

Controlled experiment

A

A scientist carries out a series of tests that are identical in every respect except for one factor

13
Q

Autotrophs

A

Organisms that make their own food

14
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Organisms that cannot make their own food

15
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintenance of stable internal conditions

16
Q

Classification

A

The process of grouping things based on their similarities

17
Q

Taxonomy

A

The scientific study of how organisms are classified

18
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

Each organism was given a unique, two part scientific name

19
Q

Genus

A

A classification grouping that contains similar, closely realated organisms

20
Q

Species

A

A group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce

21
Q

prokaryotes

A

Unicellular organisms whose cells lack a nucleus

22
Q

Nucleus

A

A dense area in a cell that contains nucleus acids the chemical instructions that direct the cells activities

23
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Organisms with cells that contain nuclei

24
Q

Branching tree diagram

A

Two groups of organisms with similar characteristics may be descended from a common ancestor

25
Q

Shared derived characteristic

A

A trait such as fur that the common ancestor of a group had and passed on to its descendants

26
Q

Convergent evolution

A

The process by which unrelated organisms evolve characteristics that are similar