Chapter 1- The cell Flashcards
Cells become specialized through a process called:
Differentiation or maturation
The eukaryotic cell consists of these three components
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Organelles
A network of tubular channels that extends throughout the outer nuclear membrane. It specializes in the synthesis and transport of protein and lipid. Importantly, it is responsible for protein folding and sensing cell stress:
ER
Responsible for processing and packaging proteins into secretory vesicles
Golgi apparatus
Saclike structures that contain digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
Responsible for cellular respiration and energy production
Mitochondria
A state of cell balance of the process of protein synthesis, folding, and degradation
Proteostasis
The extra cellular matrix includes three types of protein fibers:
Collagen
Elastin
Fibronectin
Energy-using process of metabolism
Anabolism
Energy releasing part of metabolism
Catabolism
Water travels through pores in the plasma membrane’s lipid bilayer through a process called
Passive transport
Passive transport does not use energy, but rather: (3)
Osmosis
Diffusion
Hydrostatic pressure
Larger molecules use this to move in and out of the cell (used energy)
Active transport
The passive movement of a solute from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration
Diffusion
___________ ___________ is the mechanical force of water pushing against cellular membranes
Hydrostatic pressure
