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Oral Pathology 2020 > Chapter 10 lecture 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chronic progressive scarring high-risk precancerous condition of the oral mucosa known as?

A

-Oral submucous fibrosis

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2
Q

What is oral submucous fibrosis linked to?

A

-Chronic placement of betel quid or paan

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3
Q

What ethnicity of people will you mostly find oral submucous fibrosis?

A

-India

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4
Q

What are the ingredients of quid?

A
  • Areca nut
  • Slaked lime
  • Betel leaf
  • Tobacco
  • Sweeteners
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5
Q

What is the first chief complaint of a person with oral submucous fibrosis?

A
  • Trismus

- Mucosal pain from eating spicy foods

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6
Q

What are the most commonly affected sights with oral submucous fibrosis?

A
  • Buccal mucosa
  • Retromolar areas
  • Soft palate
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7
Q

If you stop using the betel quid or paan will the lesion regress?

A

-No

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8
Q

What is the risk of getting oral cancer when someone has oral submucous fibrosis?

A

-10%

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9
Q

What is nicotine stomatitis?

A

-White keratotic change on the palate

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10
Q

Is nicotine stomatitis premalignant?

A

-No

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11
Q

If you do reverse smoking what does that increase your chance for oral cancer?

A

-Yes significantly

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12
Q

T/F Nicotine stomatitis is completely reversible

A

True

-Returns to normal within 2 weeks of cessation

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13
Q

If they reverse smoke is it called nicotine stomatitis?

A

-No it is called reverse smokers palate (demands a biopsy)

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14
Q

What is a common cutaneous premalignant lesions caused by cumulative UV radiation known as?

A

-Actinic Keratosis

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15
Q

What does actinic keratosis appear as?

A

-Scaly, irregular plaques

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16
Q

What percent of actinic keratosis turn in to SCCA in 2 years?

A

-10%

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17
Q

What are the most common places to see actinic keratosis?

A

-Scalp

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18
Q

What is a common premalignant alteration of the lower lip vermilion resulting from long-term exposure to UV light?

A

-Actinic Cheilosis

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19
Q

If you have loss of definition of the vermillion border with crusting or white changes what should you be thinking?

A

-Actinic Cheilosis

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20
Q

What is the cause of oral Squamous cell carcinoma?

A

-Multifactorial

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21
Q

Do pipe and cigar smoking or cigarette smoking carry a greater oral cancer risk?

A

-Pipe and cigar smoking

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22
Q

If a person has SCC caused by iron deficiency what are the syndromes known as?

A

-Plummer-Vison

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23
Q

What can iron deficiency SCC produce?

A

-Esophageal webs

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24
Q

What is the most common site of the intraoral SCCA?

A

-Tongue

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25
Q

Where are the most common sites of intral oral SCCA?

A

1- Tongue
2- FOM
3-Soft palate
4-Gingiva

26
Q

SCCA metastatic spread is largely done how?

A

-Lymphatics

27
Q

How do nodes that have SCCA present?

A
  • Firm
  • Painless
  • Enlarged
  • Fixed
28
Q

Distant metastasis below the clavicles is found where?

A
  • Lungs
  • Liver
  • Bones
29
Q

How is the staging of cancer determined?

A
  • TNM system
  • T = size of primary local tumor in centimeters
  • N = Involvement of local lymph nodes
  • M = Distant metastasis
30
Q

T/F Clinical staging is a better prognostic indicator than histologic grading

A

True

31
Q

How is lip carcinoma typically treated?

A

-Wedge resection with excellent results

32
Q

What guides the treatment for intraoral carcinoma?

A

-Clinical stage guides

33
Q

Between the lip and the oral cavity of SCCA what has a better survival rate?

A

-Lip

34
Q

T/F Patients with one carcinoma of the mouth or throat are at an increased risk for an additional SCCA

A

True

35
Q

If a person has a SCCA and then another carcinoma happens concurrently what is that known as?

A

-Synchronous

36
Q

If a person had a SCCA and then develops another carcinoma at a different time what is that known as?

A

-Metachronous

37
Q

What is field cancerization?

A

-Tendency toward development of multiple mucosal cancers

38
Q

What is Snuff dippers cancer known as?

A

-Verrucous carcinoma

39
Q

What are the most common sites of involvement of Verrucous carcinoma?

A
  • Mandibular vestibule

- Gingiva

40
Q

What is a low grade variant of oral SCC?

A

-Verrucous carcinoma (looks like cauliflower)

41
Q

Who gets verrucous carcinoma?

A

-Smokeless tobacco users

42
Q

What percent of verrucous carcinoma can have a SCCA developing within its borders?

A

20%

43
Q

What refers to a group of malignancies that arise from the lining epithelium of the nospharynx?

A

-Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

44
Q

What ethnicity is most likely to get nospharyngeal carcinoma?

A

-Chinese

45
Q

What are possible contributory factors with nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

A
  • EBV virus
  • Vitamin C deficiency
  • Consumption of salt fish with N-nitrosamines
46
Q

What is the first sign in pats with nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

A

-Cervical lymph node metastasis

47
Q

What is the most common of all cancers?

A

-Basal cell carcinoma

48
Q

What are other clinicopathologic basal cell carcinomas?

A
  • Pigmented
  • Sclerosing
  • Superficial
49
Q

What is a malignant neoplasm of melanocytic origin known as?

A

-Melanoma

50
Q

What type of skin cancer accounts for the most deaths?

A

-Melaonma

51
Q

What are the two growth patterns of melonma?

A
  • Radical (spreads laterally - flat)

- Vertical

52
Q

What does basal cell carcinoma result from?

A

-UV radiation

53
Q

What is the most common form of basal cell carcinoma?

A

-Noduloulcerative

54
Q

What type of blood vessels are seen in noduloulcerative basal cell carcinoma?

A

-Telangieactatic

55
Q

What is Mohs micrographic surgery?

A

-Frozen sections to evaluate margins during surgery

56
Q

T/F Damage from UV radiation is a major causative factor of Melanoma

A

True

57
Q

What raises addition risk factors for melanoma?

A
  • Fair complexion
  • Light hair
  • Tendency to sunburn easily
  • History of blistering sunburns in childhood
  • Personal history of melanoma
  • Personal history of dysplastic or congenital nevus
58
Q

What type of skin cancer accounts for the most deaths?

A

-Melaonma

59
Q

What is the ABCDE system to distinguish melanoma from a nevus?

A
  • Asymmetry
  • Border irregularity
  • Color variation
  • Diameter greater than 6 mm
  • Evolving lesions
60
Q

An invasion of how far in oral melanoma has a poor prognosis?

A

-0.5 mm

61
Q

What areas have the worst prognosis with melanoma?

A
  • Interscapular area of the back
  • Posterior upper arm
  • Posterior and lateral neck
  • Scalp
62
Q

List the malignant transformation from most potential to least?

A
  • Proliferative veruccous leukoplakia
  • Nicotine stomatitis in reverse smokers
  • Erythroplakia
  • Oral submucous fibrosis
  • Erythroleukoplakia
  • Granular leukoplakia
  • Actinic cheilosis

Oral Pathology 2020 (38 decks)

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