Chapter 10 LECTURE 5 Part I

Question 1

What is the definition of adolescence?

Answer 1

To grow and mature

Question 2

Adolescence is considered to be the bridge between what?

Answer 2

childhood and adulthood

Question 3

-Adolescence is a ____ stage of development
-What is it characterized by?

Answer 3

-unique
-many physiological, cognitive, psychosocial, and sexual changes

Question 4

What is the age range of adolescence?

Answer 4

12-20 years

Question 5

DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-What are the 5 developmental tasks in adolescence?

Answer 5

1. Establishing a sense of identity
2. Separation from family
3. Career planning
4. Establishing close peer relationships
5. Intimacy

Question 6

DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-According to Erikson, what stage are they in?

Answer 6

Identity vs. role confusion

Question 7

DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-Establishing a sense of identity can only happen if what?
-Explain.

Answer 7

-The first four stages were done correctly (successfully passed)
1. Someone took care of them –> trust vs. mistrust
2. They developed the ability of autonomy –> autonomy vs. shame and doubt
3. Caregivers allowed them to take initiative –> initiative vs. guilt
4. They developed a strong sense of industry –> industry vs. inferiority

Question 8

DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-If the stages prior to this are _____, it can lead to an….

Answer 8

-unresolved
-identity crisis

Question 9

DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-In terms of establishing close peer relationships, what types of friendships are formed?
-Friends are necessary for what?

Answer 9

-lifelong relationships
-in order to grow and move onto the next stage

Question 10

DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-What are the three phases & ages of adolescence?

Answer 10

1. Early adolescence (10-13 years)
2. Middle adolescence (14-16 years)
3. Late adolescence (17-20 years)

Question 11

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-Weight (gain/loss) is experienced?
-How does this show in females?

Answer 11

-gain
-hips, breasts, butt develop

Question 12

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-What glands are more active?
-What can this result in?

Answer 12

-Sweat glands
-acne

Question 13

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-What two things increase in size AND volume?

Answer 13

-stomach and intestines

Question 14

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-(increased/decreased) appetite?
-Does food consumption increase or decrease?

Answer 14

-increased
-increase

Question 15

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-What two aspects of the lungs increases?

Answer 15

-weight and volume

Question 16

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-In terms of teeth, what kind of eruptions do you see?

Answer 16

eruption of molars, and often, wisdom teeth

Question 17

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-Improved ___-____ coordination occurs, as well as ____ function

Answer 17

-eye-hand
-motor

Question 18

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
-How many minutes a day should the adolescent be active?
-At least ___ days per week should include ____ ____

Answer 18

-60 minutes
-3
-vigorous exercise

Question 19

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
-What kind of sessions should exercise activites include?

Answer 19

warm-up and cool-down sessions

Question 20

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
-What can strength training do?

Answer 20

increase muscle and bone mass

Question 21

PUBERTY: Boys
-Puberty begins with ____ changes between the ages of what?

Answer 21

-hormonal
-10-13

Question 22

PUBERTY: Boys + Girls
-What kind of characteristics appear during this time?

Answer 22

secondary sex characteristics

Question 23

PUBERTY: Boys
-What is spermatogenesis?

Answer 23

the production of sperm

Question 24

PUBERTY: Boys
-What is ejaculation?

Answer 24

The release of sperm during an orgasm

Question 25

**PUBERTY**: *Boys* -Most boys experience what? -What is this?

Answer 25

-nocturnal emissions -"wet dreams" --> they ejaculate semen during sleep

Question 26

**PUBERTY**: *Girls* -____ secretions begin to establish a pattern within a what? -Typically, this pattern is ____-____ days apart

Answer 26

-Hormonal -monthly cycle -28-32

Question 27

**PUBERTY**: *Girls* -What is ovulation?

Answer 27

one egg reaches final maturity and is released from the ovary

Question 28

**PUBERTY**: *Girls* -What is menarche?

Answer 28

The very first menstrual period

Question 29

**PUBERTY**: *Girls* -What does the menstrual cycle consist of? (4)

Answer 29

1. Maturing the egg in the ovary 2. Formation of blood & mucus in the lining of the uterus 3. Ovulation 4. Expelling the unfertilized egg with the blood and mucous lining from the uterus

Question 30

**PUBERTY**: *Girls* -What is the most effective way to prevent an unwanted pregnancy?

Answer 30

-abstinence (avoiding sexual intercourse)

Question 31

**PUBERTY**: *Girls* -What two things can birth control also help with?

Answer 31

ance and regulating cycles

Question 32

**PUBERTY**: *Teen Pregnancy* -About _____ teenagers give birth each year, according to the ____

Answer 32

-400,000 -CDC

Question 33

**PUBERTY**: *Teen Pregnancy* -Why may teens seek sexual activity? (3)

Answer 33

1. Coercion 2. Peer pressure 3. Curiosity

Question 34

**PUBERTY**: *Teen Pregnancy* -What is important BEFORE adolescence?

Answer 34

Sex education

Question 35

**COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT** -According to Piaget, what stage is the adolescent in?

Answer 35

Formal operational

Question 36

**COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT** -The formal operational stage consists of.. 1. _____ and increased ______ of _____ processes 2. Adolescents can be what? 3. They may try to ______ rules, engage in ____ ____, or deny their own _____ 4. They have a (better/worse) understanding of their own _____, leading to what?

Answer 36

1. rapidity, complexity, thought 2. self-absored and self-conscious 3. manipulate, risky behavior, mortality 4. better, strengths, more realistic career goals

Question 37

**COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT**: *Piaget's Post Formal Operational Thinking* -The brain matures ____, but the ____ ___ is not yet fully _____ -What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

Answer 37

-further, frontal lobe, functional -governing impulse control & risk-reward evaluation

Question 38

**COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT**: *Piaget's Post Formal Operational Thinking* -What is desired? Why? -Because of this, what do they need?

Answer 38

-Instant gratification; due to delayed maturation of the frontal lobe -guidance