Chapter 10 non wordparts

Question 1

Ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall

Answer 1

Aneurysm

Question 2

Cardiac arrhythmia characterized by chaotic, rapid electrical impulses in the atria. (Arrhythmia - lack of regular rhythm of heart beat)

Answer 2

Atrial Fibrillation (Afib)

Question 3

Chest pain which may radiate to the left arm and jaw, that occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood to the heart muscle

Answer 3

Angina Pectroris

Question 4

Inherited bleeding disorder causing reduced production of healthy blood cells and hemoglobin

Answer 4

Thalassemia

Question 5

Sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation, which requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Answer 5

Cardiac Arrest

Question 6

Condition in which there is an inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs with nutrients and oxygen

Answer 6

Heart failure (also called congestive heart failure)

Question 7

narrowing of the mitral valve from scarring, usually caused by episodes of rheumatic fever

Answer 7

Mitral valve stenosis

Question 8

Disorder of the heart caused by persistent high blood pressure

Answer 8

Hypertensive heart disease

Question 9

Condition that reduces the flow of blood through the coronary arteries to the myocardium that may progress to depriving the heart tissue of sufficient oxygen and nutrients to function normally; most often caused by coronary atherosclerosis. Is a common cause of heart failure and myocardial infarction.

Answer 9

Coronary artery disease

Question 10

Death (necrosis) of a portion of the myocardium caused by lack of oxygen resulting from an interrupted blood supply (also called heart attack)

Answer 10

Myocardial infarction

Question 11

Blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the bloodstream and moves until it lodges at another point in the circulation

Answer 11

Embolus

Question 12

Group of inherited red blood cell disorders (anemias) where hemoglobin is abnormally shaped and has a short life cycle.

Answer 12

Sickle cell disease

Question 13

Inherited bleeding disorder most commonly caused by a deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII.

Answer 13

Hemophilia

Question 14

Malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal leukocytes formed in the bone marrow.

Answer 14

Leukemia

Question 15

Systemic inflammatory response caused by usually bacteria, entering the bloodstream and multiplying; life threatening. Overwhelming presence of pathogens in the blood is called septicemia.

Answer 15

Sepsis

Question 16

Acute infection caused by the Epstein - Barr virus characterized by swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, fatigue, and fever. Affects mostly young people and is often transmitted by saliva.

Answer 16

Infectious Mononucleosis

Question 17

Malignant disorder of the lymphatic tissue characterized by progressive enlargement of lymph nodes.

Answer 17

Hodgkin disease

Question 18

Condition of pain, tension, and weakness in a limb that starts when walking, increases until walking is no longer possible - completely resolves when patient is at rest.

Answer 18

Intermittent claudication

Question 19

Supportive scaffold device placed in the coronary artery; used to prevent closure of the artery after angioplasty or atherectomy; used to treat an artery occluded by plaque.

Answer 19

Coronary stent

Question 20

Battery-powered apparatus implanted under the skin with leads placed on the heart or in the chamber of the heart used to treat an abnormal heart rhythm, usually one that is too slow.

Answer 20

Pacemaker

Question 21

Surgical technique to bring a new blood supply to heart muscle by detouring around blocked arteries.

Answer 21

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)

Question 22

Balloon is advanced into the coronary artery to the area where plaque has formed. Balloon is inflated, the vessel wall expands, allowing blood to flow more freely.

Answer 22

Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA)

Question 23

Procedure to obtain a sample of the liquid portion of the bone marrow, usually from the ilium (upper hip bone) for study; used to diagnose leukemia, infections, some types of anemia, and other blood disorders.

Answer 23

Bone Marrow Aspiration

Question 24

Procedure to obtain a sample of the solid portion of bone marrow, usually from the ilium, for study; used to diagnose leukemia, infections, some types of anemia, and other blood disorders. May be performed at the same time as bone marrow aspiration.

Answer 24

Bone Marrow Biopsy

Question 25

Infusion of healthy bone marrow cells from a matched donor into a patient with severely diseased or damaged bone marrow; the donor cells may establish a colony of new, healthy tissue in the recipient’s bone marrow

Answer 25

Bone Marrow Transplant

Question 26

Agent that narrows the diameter of the blood vessels.

Answer 26

Vasoconstrictor

Question 27

Agent that expands the diameter of the blood vessels.

Answer 27

Vasodilator

Question 28

Abnormal vascular sound heard through auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow through arteries or veins.

Answer 28

Bruit