Chapter 10: The Female Reproductive System - 25 Tough Terms

Question 1

Amnion

Answer 1

Innermost membrane of the sac surrounding the fetus during gestation

Question 2

One of two glands on either side of the vagina that secrete fluid into the vagina

Answer 2

Bartholin’s gland

Question 3

Chorion

Answer 3

Outermost membrane of the sac surrounding the fetus during gestation

Question 4

Corpus luteum

Answer 4

Structure formed after the graafian follicle fills with a yellow substance, secretes estrogen and progesterone

• Secreted hormones encourage the uterus to prepare for a pregnancy by growing the endometrium into a thick nutritive layer
• Involved 2 weeks after beginning of menstruation (time of ovulation/ eggs release from the graafian follicle - stimulated by pituitary release of LH

Question 5

Endometrium

Answer 5

Inner most layer of the uterus

Question 6

Estrogen

Answer 6

1 of 2 primary female hormones

• secreted by ovaries
• stimulate development of female sex characteristics and uterine wall thickening; inhibits FSH and increases LH

Question 7

Fimbriae

Answer 7

Hairlike ends of the uterine tubes that sweep the ovum into the uterus

Question 8

Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Answer 8

Hormone necessary for maturation of oocytes and ovulation

• released from anterior pituitary gland
• involved in days 6-12 of menstrual cycle

Question 9

Gestation

Answer 9

Period of fetal development in the uterus; usually about 40 weeks

Question 10

Graafian follicle

Answer 10

Follicle in the ovary that holds an oocyte during development and then releases it
-Gametes develop in graafian follicle (immature = oocyte, mature = ova)

Question 11

Intrauterine device (IUD)

Answer 11

Contraceptive device consisting of a coil placed in the uterus to block implantation of a fertilized ovum

Question 12

Introitus

Answer 12

External opening or entrance to a hollow organ, such as a vagina

Question 13

Isthmus

Answer 13

Narrow region at the bottom of the uterus opening into the cervix

Question 14

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 14

Hormone essential to ovulation

• Stimulates oocyte maturation
• increases progesterone
• Released by pituitary
• Prompts the fimbriae to swell and push newly released ovum toward fallopian tube

Question 15

Myometrium

Answer 15

Middle layer of muscle tissue of the uterus

Question 16

Oocyte

Answer 16

Immature ovum produced in the gonads (ovaries)

Question 17

Ovary

Answer 17

One of two glands that produce ova

Question 18

Parturition

Answer 18

Birth

Question 19

Perimenopause

Answer 19

3 to 5 year period of decreasing estrogen levels prior to menopause

Question 20

Perimetrium

Answer 20

Outer layer of the uterus

Question 21

Perineum

Answer 21

Space between the labia majora and the anus

Question 22

Progesterone

Answer 22

One of the primary female hormones

• Stimulates uterine wall thickening and formation of mammary ducts
• Source: corpus luteum

Question 23

Uterus

Answer 23

Female reproductive organ, site of implantation after fertilization or release of the lining during menstruation

Question 24

Colp(o)

Colporrhagia

Answer 24

Vagina

Vaginal hemorrhage

Question 25

Episi(o)

Answer 25

Vulva

Question 26

Hyster(o)

Answer 26

Uterus

Question 27

Oo

Answer 27

Egg

Question 28

Oophor(o)

Answer 28

Ovary

Question 29

Perine(o)

Perineocele

Answer 29

Perineum

Hernia in the perineum

Question 30

Culdoscopy

Answer 30

Examination of the pelvic cavity using and endoscope

Question 31

uterus layers

Answer 31

perimetrium (outer)
myometrium (muscle)
endometrium (inner mucus layer)

Question 32

first menstruation

Answer 32

menarche

Question 33

layers of sac surrounding fetus during gestation

Answer 33

chorion = outer
amnion = inner