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S4: Radiographic Pathology > Chapter 10 WB > Flashcards

Chapter 10 WB Flashcards

1
Q

the release of glucagon into the body is the responsibility of which organ

A

pancreas

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2
Q

another name for adrenaline is

A

epinephrine

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3
Q

list two manifestations of Cushing syndrome

A

osteoporosis and compression fracture

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4
Q

which gland controls the pituitary gland

A

hypothalamus

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5
Q

name the gland that is located anteriorly in the neck

A

thyroid

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6
Q

name the two parts of the parathyroid glands

A

superior pair and inferior pair

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7
Q

list the two functions of the parathyroid glands

A

regulates phosphorus and calcium

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8
Q

name the master gland of the body

A

pituitary gland or hypophysis

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9
Q

what is the name of the funnel-shaped passage that connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

A

pituitary stalk

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10
Q

what are the names of the lobes of the pituitary gland

A

anterior lobe and posterior lobe

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11
Q

which lobe of the pituitary gland secretes an antidiuretic hormone that stimulates water reabsorption by tubules of the kidneys

A

posterior lobe

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12
Q

which part of the adrenal gland is indispensable to life

A

cortex

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13
Q

which part of the adrenal gland secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

adrenal medulla

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14
Q

what is probably the best imaging modality to demonstrate the adrenal glands

A

CT

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15
Q

secretion of hormones is controlled by what type of mechanism

A

feedback mechanism

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16
Q

name the two types of iodine-laden hormones

A

thyroxin and triiodothyronin

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17
Q

name the male hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex

A

androgen

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18
Q

pituitary insufficiency in children causes which condition

A

dwarfism

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19
Q

premature senility (progeria) is known as _____ syndrome

A

Simmonds

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20
Q

thyroid insufficiency in adults causes edema of the face and eyelids. this condition is known as

A

myxedema

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21
Q

T/F: androgen is able to cause some blood vessels to dilate to provide more blood to muscles that need oxygen

A

false

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22
Q

T/F: a complication of Cushing syndrome is compression fracture of the vertebral bodies

A

true

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23
Q

T/F: neuroblastoma is the most common malignancy found in adults

A

false

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24
Q

T/F: diabetes mellitus results if the pancreas does not secrete insulin

A

true

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25
Q

T/F: a goiter is the result of enlargement of the parathyroid gland

A

false

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26
Q

T/F: dietary deficiency of iodine may cause hypothyroidism

A

true

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27
Q

T/F: hyperthyroidism can produce weight loss and resltessness

A

true

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28
Q

T/F: metabolism of proteins and fats is regulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone

A

false

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29
Q

T/F: the patient with Cushing syndrome may present with nephrocalcinosis

A

true

30
Q

T/F: spontaneous fractures caused by diffuse osteoporosis are a complication of Addison disease

A

false

31
Q

T/F: the characteristic “rugger jersey” spine is seen in patients with hyperparathyroidism as a result of renal failure

A

true

32
Q

T/F: calcification is a common finding in neuroblastoma

A

true

33
Q

T/F: thyroid adenomas are a benign condition

A

true

34
Q

T/F: a neuroblastoma displaces the collecting system within the kidney

A

false

35
Q

T/F: polyuria is a common characteristic of diabetes mellitus

A

true

36
Q

T/F: all of the hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex are steriods

A

true

37
Q

T/F: patients that fall into the category of prediabetics have developed abnormal glucose tolerance test results

A

false

38
Q

T/F: thyroid hormones are necessary for normal growth and development

A

true

39
Q

T/F: hyperpituitarism results from an excessive secretion of the growth hormone

A

true

40
Q

which of the following secretes glucocorticoids?
1. adrenals
2. pituitary
3. pancreas
4. thyroid

A

adrenals

41
Q

which is the leading cause of death in persons with diabetes
1. arteriosclerosis
2. gangrene
3. hypoglycemia
4. renal failure

A

renal failure

42
Q

which is caused by pathology of the pancreas
1. diabetes insipidus
2. diabetes mellitus
3. myxedema
4. dwarfism

A

diabetes mellitus

43
Q

endocrine glands are also called

A

ductless glands

44
Q

exophthalmos refers to a visible abnormality of the

A

eyes

45
Q

the coloration of the skin is due to the presence of

A

melanin

46
Q

the parathyroid glands secrete a hormone that regulates the metabolism of

A

calcium

47
Q

which is not secreted by the gonads
1. testosterone
2. melatonin
3. estrogen
4. progesterone

A

melatonin

48
Q

which hormone suppresses the amount of urine formed by promoting water reabsorption
1. antidiuretic
2. renin
3. TSH
4. secretin

A

antidiuretic

49
Q

the thyroid function is best demonstrated by

A

nuclear medicine

50
Q

a major complication of diabetes is

A

arteriosclerosis

51
Q

chronic adrenocortical insufficiency is the cause of

A

Addison disease

52
Q

which of the following modalities will not be able to visualize the pineal gland
1. ultrasound
2. CT
3. MRI
4. nuclear medicine

A

ultrasound

53
Q

which hormone is not secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
1. somatotropin
2. prolactin
3. oxytocin
4. follicle-stimulating hormone

A

oxytocin

54
Q

the most common cause of hypopituitarism is

A

pituitary adenoma

55
Q

Addison disease may result from

A

hypothyroidism

56
Q

which of the following tumors will occur more commonly in children under the age of 5
1. hypernephroma
2. Wilms tumor
3. neuroblastoma
4. renal adenocarcinoma

A

Wilms tumor

57
Q

which area is the most commonly seen neuroarthropathy with diabetes mellitus
1. fingers
2. ankle/foot
3. elbow
4. pelvis

A

ankle/foot

58
Q

growth hormone

A

pituitary

59
Q

epininephrine

A

adrenals

60
Q

prolactin

A

pituitary

61
Q

insulin

A

pancreas

62
Q

luteinizing hormone

A

pituitary

63
Q

glucagon

A

pancreas

64
Q

calcitonin

A

thyroid

65
Q

steriods

A

adrenals

66
Q

estrogen

A

adrenals

67
Q

ACTH

A

pituitary

68
Q

excessive administration of glucocorticoids

A

Cushing syndrome

69
Q

enlargement of hands and feet

A

acromegaly

70
Q

insufficiency of thyroid hormone

A

infantile hypothyroidism

71
Q

ACTH deficiency

A

Addison disease

72
Q

insufficiency of the antidiuretic hormone

A

diabetes insipidus

S4: Radiographic Pathology (34 decks)

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