Chapter 11

Question 0

Reification

Answer 0

Viewing an abstract, immaterial concept as if it were a concrete thing.

Question 1

Intelligence

Answer 1

Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

Question 2

Factor Analysis

Answer 2

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters as related items (called factors) on a test.

Question 3

Charles Spearman

Answer 3

Helped develop factor analysis

Question 4

General Intellegence

Answer 4

A general intelligence factor that according to Spearman and others that underlies specific mental abilities and is measured by every task on an intelligence test.

Question 5

L.L. Thurstone

Answer 5

Rejected the g-factor

Question 6

Howard Gardner

Answer 6

Stated that people have specific intellectual potentials, or “intelligences” (8)

Question 7

Savant Syndrome

Answer 7

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in a mental ability has an exceptional specific skill such as in computation or drawing.

Question 8

Robert Sternberg

Answer 8

Triarchic theory distinguishes three intelligences; analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence.

Question 9

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 9

The ability to perceive, understand, manage and use emotions.

Question 10

Creativity

Answer 10

The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.

Question 11

Intelligence Tests

Answer 11

A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others; using numerical scores.

Question 12

Alfred Binet

Answer 12

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Question 13

Mental Age

Answer 13

A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet

Question 14

Lewis Terman

Answer 14

Stanford university prof. Revised Binet’s original IQ test by establishing new age norms.

Question 15

Stanford-Binet

Answer 15

The widely used American revision (by Terman) of Binet’s original intelligence test.

Question 16

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Answer 16

Ration of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100

Question 17

Aptitude Tests

Answer 17

A test designed to predict a persons future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.

Question 18

Achievement Tests

Answer 18

A test designed to assess what a person has learned.

Question 19

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

Answer 19

Most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (non-verbal) subtests.

Question 20

Standardization

Answer 20

Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretended standardization group.

Question 21

The Flynn Effect

Answer 21

Intelligence tests performance has been improving

Question 22

Normal Curve

Answer 22

The symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes.

Question 23

Reliability

Answer 23

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores.

Question 24

Validity

Answer 24

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to do.

Question 25

Content Validity

Answer 25

The extent to which a test samples the behavior it is designed to predict.

Question 26

Criterion

Answer 26

The behavior (such as future college grades) that a test (SAT) is designed to predict.

Question 27

Predictive Validity

Answer 27

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict.

Question 28

Down Syndrome

Answer 28

A condition of retardation and associates physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in ones genetic make up.

Question 29

Mental Retardation

Answer 29

A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below

Question 30

Stereotype Threat

Answer 30

A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.