Chapter 11 Flashcards
Hearing loss that occurs as a function of age is called
presbycusis
The function of the auditory canal is to enhance the intensities of some frequency sounds by means of
resonance
The question “If a tree falls in a forest and no one is there to hear it, would there be a sound?” is useful because it highlights that “sound” can be
both a perceptual and physical stimulus
The function of the muscles of the middle ear is to
dampen the ossicles vibrations at high intensities
A complex tone can be created by starting with a pure tone, called the ____________, and adding frequencies that are multiples of this first frequency.
fundamental frequency
The range of human hearing is between _____ Hz.
20 to 20,000
At their highest settings, MP3 players can reach _____ , which is ________ OSHA’s recommended maximum.
100; 15 db higher than
Pitch is primarily determined by the ______ of the sound wave.
frequency
The base of the basilar membrane is
narrower than at the apex of the basilar membrane
The outer hair cells respond to sound by slightly tilting and changing length. Because of the consequence of this, the action of the outer hair cells is called the
the cochlear amplifier
The sound pressure level increases____ as the decibel level increases from 40 to 80 dBs.
10 times
When the tip links in the cilia stretch, ion channels open and
potassium flows into the cell
Loudness of pure tones depends on frequency and sound pressure level can be shown graphically using
equal loudness curves
Békésy’s place theory of hearing proposes that the frequency of a sound is
the place along the organ of Corti at which the nerve firing is highest
Frequency can be coded by the firing rate at or near the peak of the sine-wave stimulus. This is called
phase locking
As you increase the decibel level from 80 dB to 100 dB, the sound pressure ratio goes from _____ to ______.
10,000 to 100,000
Kat wants to buy a “dog whistle” that her dog can hear but she can’t. She should get a whistle that emits sounds in the range between ____ and _____ Hz.
30,000; 40,000
A piano tone played backwards will sound more likely an organ than a piano because
the tone’s original decay has become the attack, and vice versa
The correct order of the ossicles in the middle ear (from ear drum to oval window) is
malleus; incus; stapes
The sound quality that is related to the sounds clarity, “nasalness” or “reedy-ness” is
timbre
The motion of the basilar membrane results in
movement of both the organ of Corti and the tectorial membrane
The unit of measurement for sound wave frequency is
hertz
Research supports that an infant’s ability to recognize the mother’s voice is due to
hearing the mother talk while in the womb
The cochlear implant makes use of
the tonotopic map of frequencies on the cochlea
