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Flashcards in chapter 12 Deck (52)
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1
Q

Heart

A

Fist-sized organ thats pumps blood throughout the body

2
Q

Epicardium

A

Has two parts; Myocardium, endocardium

3
Q

Endocardium

A

lines heart and blood vessels

4
Q

Atrium

A

receives blood; superior to the ventricles

5
Q

Interatrial Septum

A

separates the heart HORIZONTALLY

6
Q

Interventricular Septum

A

separates the heart VERTICALLY

7
Q

AV Valve (Tricuspid)

A

directs blood flow prevents bakflow

8
Q

Chordae Tendinae

A

fibrous cords prevents cusps inverting

9
Q

Pulmonary SL Valve

A

prevents blood flowing into right ventricle

10
Q

Biuspid (mitreal) Valve

A

between two atria has cusps

11
Q

Papillary Muscle

A

keeps bicuspid valve from inverting in left atrium

12
Q

Aortic SL Valve

A

thiccer than the pulmonary SL valves

13
Q

Sup and Inf venae cavae

A

deoxygenated blood enters right atrium, largest veins in the body

14
Q

Stroke Volume

A

volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per BEAT

15
Q

Cardiac Output

A

volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per MIN

16
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

when cardiac output is insufficient

17
Q

Systole

A

contraction of heart

18
Q

Diastole

A

relaxation of heart

19
Q

“lub”

A

sound when ventricles contract, atrioventricular valves close

20
Q

“dub”

A

when SL valves close, ventricles relax

21
Q

Mitreal Stenosis

A

steptococcal infection, narrow opening of bicuspid valve

22
Q

SA node

A

peacemaker, initiates heartbeat

23
Q

AV node

A

conducts the impulse to a group of large fibers

24
Q

Purkinje Fiber

A

causes ventricles to contract, begins at apex

25
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

record of changes during a cardiac cycle

26
Q

Cardiac control center

A

can alter heart rate, located in medulla ablongata

27
Q

Arteries

A

transport blood AWAY from heart

28
Q

Arterioles

A

small arteries

29
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

process of hardening arteries

30
Q

Cerebrovascular Accident

A

A stroke, happens when brain has no oxygen

31
Q

Capillaries

A

arterioles branch into capillaries

32
Q

Capillary Beds

A

network of capillaries

33
Q

Precapillary sphincters

A

encircles the entrance to each capillary

34
Q

Veins

A

carries blood from capillary beds TO heart

35
Q

Venules

A

small veins

36
Q

Valves (in veins)

A

prevent blood going to heart

37
Q

Varicose veins

A

abnormal dilations in veins in lower legs

38
Q

Hemorrhoids

A

varicose veins

39
Q

Phlebitis

A

inflammation in a vein

40
Q

Pulmonary Circulation

A

circulates blood though lungs

41
Q

systemic circulation

A

serves the needs of body’s tissues

42
Q

Circle of Willis

A

the branches the oxygenated blood in arteries gives off in the region of the pituitary

43
Q

Coronary Arteries

A

part of the systemic circulation, serves myocardium

44
Q

Hepatic Portal system

A

carries blood from stomach, intestines to liver

45
Q

Foramen Ovale

A

opening between two atria

46
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

connection between pulmonary artery and aorta

47
Q

Cyanosis

A

when blood travels from left to right atrium

48
Q

Pulse

A

expanding and recoiling of an arterial wall

49
Q

Systolic Pressure

A

higher number in 120/80, pressure recorded when left ventricle contracts

50
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

lower number in 120/80, pressure recorded when left ventricle relaxes

51
Q

Hypertension

A

20% of Americans have high blood pressure

52
Q

Pulmonary Embolism

A

thromboembolism, obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot